摘要
利用蛋白银法对采自山东胶州育虾池的一种海洋盾纤类纤毛虫,水滴伪康纤虫(Pseudocohnilembus persalinus Evans&Thompson,1964)的口器发生过程进行了详细的观察和研究,并对其形态学做了补足性描述。文章通过对该青岛种群发生过程的研究,认为前人所报道的种群(Evans&Thompson,1964;Pomp&Wilbert,1988)缺乏对某个发生关键时期的观察而存在着错误,即:后仔虫的小膜2明确来自老的口侧膜,而不是前人报道的盾片。此外,文章还发现该种的发生与本属另一哈氏伪康纤虫的发生过程几乎完全相同。主要细胞发生过程为:盾片最先增殖,形成初级原基区,然后分裂成前后两部分,前部分最终消失,而后部分最终形成后仔虫的小膜3。继盾片增殖之后口侧膜的锯齿状结构沿细胞纵轴方向分裂成两列,右侧的一列增殖形成次级原基区,之后分裂成前后两部分,前部分迁移形成后仔虫的口侧膜和盾片,后部分形成后仔虫的小膜1和小膜2;老口侧膜的残余部分形成前仔虫的口侧膜及盾片。老的小膜1、小膜2和小膜3则完全为前仔虫所继承。
Pseudocohnilembus species are ubiquitous in various habitats worldwide and play a great role on the circula- tion of ecological systems, therefore there are many reports concerning their morphology and diversity. However, these species remain insufficiently described owing to lack of detailed description of morphology in vivo, infraciliature. Divi- sional morphogenesis can provide evidences to support conceptual schemes of phylogenetic interrelationships among Scuticociliates, but the detailed morphogenesis information of these species remains unknown. The morphology and morphogenesis of Pseudocohnilembus persalinus, isolated from coast waters off Qingdao, were investigated by using protargol impregnation method in this paper. The new information of morphology and morphogenesis of this species was supplied, and a steady mode of morphogenesis in genus Pseudocohnilembus was established. Ciliates were col- lected in July, 2010, from coast off Qingdao （Tsingtao, 36~ 08＇ N; 120~ 43＇ E）, China. The salinity was 20%o and the pH was 7.5. After isolation, specimens were maintained as pure or raw cultures in Petri dishes in the laboratory for days to weeks with rice grains as food source for bacteria. Living observations were made under a microscope equipped with phase-contrast apparatus. Protargol impregnation method was used to reveal the infraciliature in different morphoge- netic stages. Measurements were carried out under oil immersion （1250 x）. Drawings were performed with the help of camera lucida. The result showed that the Qingdao population of this species possessed typical characteristics of the genus Pseudocohnilembus： the buccal apparatus consisted of 3 highly specialized membranelles; membranelle 1 com- prised single row of kinetosomes, was parallel to membranelle 2, and lied anterior to the paroral membrane; membra- helle 2 was longer than membranelle 1 and also comprised of one row of kinetosomes; membranelle 3 was located near the middle of the paroral membrane and comprised 3 rows of kinetosomes. In terms of live morphology and infracilia- ture, the Qingdao population corresponded well with previous ones. Its stomatogenesis proceeded generally in the simi- lar way as in other congeners, and indicated evidently that the descriptions about P. persalinus by Evans ＆ Corliss （1964） and Pomp ＆ Wilbert （1988） were incomplete and incorrect： the membranelle 2 was derived from, as revealed in our present work, completely from the paroral membrane while not from the old scutica. As a conclusion, the stomato- genesis could be summarized as follows： firstly, the parental scutica proliferates and became the primordial field, which finally formed membranelle 3 of the opisthe. The secondary proliferated field, which derived from the zigzag configu- ration of parental paroral membrane, also developed in two parts, with the anterior part becoming the paroral membrane as well as scutica of the opisthe and the posterior part developing into membranelles 1 and 2 of the opisthe. The rem- nants of the parental paroral membrane gave rise to the paroral membrane and scutica of the proter.
出处
《水生生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期489-495,共7页
Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(项目编号:40906065)资助
关键词
海洋纤毛虫
纤毛图示
细胞发生
水滴伪康纤虫
Marine ciliates
Infraciliature
Stomatogenesis
Pseudocohnilembus persalinus
