摘要
通过对1076名大学生进行人格特质(外倾和神经质)、情绪调节自我效能感和情绪体验的测查,本研究探讨了外倾和神经质影响情绪的可能机制。结果表明:(1)情绪调节自我效能感与外倾和神经质之间有紧密联系;(2)外倾与情绪调节自我效能感可以有效预测个体正性情绪的变异;(3)外倾对正性情绪的影响部分是以情绪调节自我效能感为中介的。该发现对实践中提升个体情绪调节自我效能感、改善情绪状态并最终优化人格结构具有重要启示。
The present study aimed at investigating the possible mechanism by which personality （extraversion and neurotieism） affects emotions. This study introduced one mediating variable （the Regulatory Emotional Self-Efficacy, the RESE） to examine the relationship between personality and emotions from a new angle of view. Based on the previous findings, this study made a theoretical assumption that personality influences emotions by the RESE to some extent. That is to say, the RESE plays a mediating role between personality and emotion. 1076 university students were selected to fill out 3 scales. The 3 scales used in this study were as follows： （a） the extraversion and neurotieism subseale of the Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for China, their Cronbach＇s α among this study sam- ple being . 79 and . 76 respectively; （b） the revised Chinese version of the Regulation Emotion Self-Efficacy Scale. The scale includes four factors： perceived self-efficacy in feeling positive affect （POS）, perceived self-efficacy in regulating positive affect （MPOS）, perceived serf-efficacy in regulating despondency/distress （DES） , perceived seffeffieaey in regulating anger/irritation（ ANG）, having good psychometric indicators by the relevant reports. The Cronbach α of this scale was. 78 in this study. （c） Positive Affect positive emotion and Negative Affect Schedule. Cronbach α of positive and negative affect factors in this study were . 86 and . 84. Correlation analyses among extraversion, neurotieism, the RESE, positive affect （positive emotion） and negative affect （negative emotion） revealed that there were positive correlations between extraversion and positive affect, the RESE and positive affect, neuroticism and negative affect, extraversion and the RESE; negative correlations between the RESE and negative affect, the RESE and neu- rotieism. The multivariate stepwise regression analysis suggested that extraversion and the RESE were significant factors in predicting positive affect. Based on correlation and multivariate stepwise regression analysis, we established a relational model of extraversion, the RESE and positive affect and found that the relationship between extravcrsion and positive affect was partially mediated by the RESE. In other words, in addition to direct action to positive affect, extraversion also influences positive affect by the RESE to some extent. The mediating effect of the RESE is significant between extraversion and positive affect. These findings suggest that the RESE is a key variable during the course of the extraversion affecting positive emotion. Especially, because the RESE is a dynamic structure that can be acquired by way of practice, educators can take measures to promote university students＇ RESE and guide them to rely on themselves to managing emotion gradually. The main innovation of this study is to take a new angle of view to examine how mechanism of extraversion affects positive emotion by establishing a mediating model of extraversion, the RESE and positive emotions. Based on the result, the RESE plays a mediating effect between extraversion and positive emotion.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期631-635,共5页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
上海市重点学科"发展与教育心理学"建设项目(S30401)资助
关键词
情绪
外倾性
中介作用
Emotion, Extraversion, Regulatory emotional self-efficacy, mediating effect
