摘要
交通拥堵已日渐成为中国各大城市的普遍问题,正确认识其发生和发展规律有利于提高治堵政策绩效。首先阐述了交通拥堵的定义、分类和发展特性。然后,将常用治堵政策分为减少交通生成总量、改变出行时空分布、影响出行方式选择、实施交通设施科学扩容四大类、26小类,针对治堵政策制定过程中的关键问题展开分析研究。最后,提出采用政策分析方法对各项治堵政策的正、负效应进行预判,从社会、环境、经济影响和交通改善效果角度剖析治堵政策绩效,从而避免决策武断,实现整体交通改善和效益最大化。
Traffic congestion has become one of the common headaches in large cities in China. To develop the effective congestion relief strategies, it is necessary to study the occurrence and scope of traffic congestion. This paper first illustrates the definition, classification, and characteristics of traffic congestion. By categorizing commonly used traffic congestion countermea- sures into four major groups （and 26 sub-types） in reducing trip generation, changing travel distribution in space and time, guid- ing travel mode choice and improving capacity of transportation facilities, the paper discusses the critical problems in developing traffic congestion relieving action plans. Finally, the paper pro- poses to evaluate the performance of traffic congestion counter-measures such as social, environmental, and economic impacts using policy analysis method before implementation in order to avoid making ineffective decisions and to maximize benefits in improving overall traffic flow.
出处
《城市交通》
2012年第2期40-45,91,共7页
Urban Transport of China
关键词
交通政策
交通拥堵
治堵政策
绩效评价
transportation policy
traffic congestion
traffic con-gestion countermeasures
performance evaluation
