摘要
为了研究温度对黄粉虫种群动态的影响,组建了黄粉虫在20、23、26、29、32℃下的实验种群生命表。结果表明,黄粉虫各虫龄的发育速率随温度的升高而加快,在20℃下整个世代的发育历期最长,可达97.0d,而在32℃时,只需要59.9d。卵、一至十三龄幼虫和蛹的发育起点温度分别为5.67、5.49、4.04、4.74、5.15、4.79、4.74、5.03、4.85、4.44、4.39、5.13、4.56、4.41、7.44℃,有效积温分别为108.16、84.79、93.29、86.43、93.10、91.34、93.52、79.88、83.08、81.39、94.40、90.88、91.12、94.02、128.19d.℃。成虫的寿命随温度的升高而缩短,20℃时最长,为51d,32℃时最短,为36d。单雌产卵量在29℃时最高,平均为237.1粒,20℃时最低,为178.2粒。由黄粉虫在不同温度下的实验种群生命表可知,在26～29℃黄粉虫的种群趋势指数较高,其中27.8℃时达到理论上的最大值86.7。研究认为,黄粉虫繁殖的最适温区为26～29℃,其中27.8℃最适合黄粉虫的生长发育。
In order to explore the effect of temperature on the population growth of Tenebrio molitor,the life table of laboratory population of T.molitor was constructed at the following five temperatures（20 ℃,23 ℃,26 ℃,29 ℃,32 ℃）.The result showed that the insect developmental rate increased with the temperature increasing.The longest duration of the generation was 97.0 d at 20 ℃,and the shortest was 59.9 d at 32 ℃.The threshold temperatures required for egg,1-13th instars and pupa were 5.67,5.49,4.04,4.74,5.15,4.79,4.74,5.03,4.85,4.44,4.39,5.13,4.56,4.41 and 7.44 ℃,and the effective accumulated temperatures were 108.16,84.79,93.29,86.43,93.10,91.34,93.52,79.88,83.08,81.39,94.40,90.88,91.12,94.02 and 128.19 day-degrees,respectively.The life span of adult insect reduced with the temperature increasing.The longest life span was 51 d at 20 ℃,while the shortest was 36 d at 32 ℃.The maximum number of eggs laid per female was 237.1 at 29 ℃,while the least was 178.2 at 20 ℃.According to the experimental population life table of T.molitor,its population trend index was high at 26-29 ℃,and at 27.8 ℃,it reached the theoretical maximum value of 86.7.The results indicated that the appropriate temperature was 26-29 ℃ for T.molitor propagation,and 27.8 ℃ was more suitable for its growth and development.
出处
《河南农业科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第3期85-89,共5页
Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences
基金
延安市科技专项基金项目(2009kn-27)
陕西省重点建设学科(生态学)资助项目
关键词
黄粉虫
发育历期
发育起点温度
有效积温
实验种群
生命表
Tenebrio molitor
development duration
threshold temperature
effective accumulated temperature
experimental population
life table
