摘要
在隐蔽油气藏勘探中,正确刻画储层断裂对于油气勘探和开发都有着至关重要的作用.储层断裂在地震数据中表现为边缘特征.但现今多尺度边缘检测的基本理论和方法都有其本身的局限性.本文详细阐述了Steerable Pyramid分解用于储层断裂检测的基本原理和方法.输入的三维地震切片经过Steerable Pyramid分解后,不仅可以分析不同尺度不同方向上断裂的特征及走向,还可以通过重构得到经S函数控制的断裂信息,该断裂信息不仅仅是断裂的边缘检测,而是增强的断裂本身.将该算法应用于实际地震切片的断裂检测,得到了清晰的断裂信息,完整细致地展现了这些地质类型的特征,为构造解释、地震相表征及储层预测提供了有用信息.
At present, domestic oil exploration has transferred from structural hydrocarbon reservoir to subtle reservoir, and the requirement of exploratory technique for subtle reservoir is urgent. Some subtle reservoir such as fractured hydrocarbon reservoir of marine carbonate and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir of clasolite expresses high anisotropic and directional in horizontal, so that the reservoir evaluation is difficult and conventional technology is very difficult to identify, which need some key seismic reservoir prediction technology to detect and characterize. And in the process of reservoir prediction, the recognition and detection of faults is extremely important. The character of faults in seismic data is marginal, however, multi-scale and multi-direction detection technology for faults is in the stage of exploration at home and abroad. In the paper, the basic principle and parametric selection of decomposition and construction of Steerable Pyramid （It is used to detect faults） are introduced in detail. We can analyze the characters and distribution of faults in different scales and directions after decomposition of Steerable Pyramid, which is significance to detect and stress the geologic body with definite distribution. In the process of Steerable Pyramid construction, the space smoothing is used to obtain a stable and uniform estimated direction and the function S is adopted to enhancement faults whose linear characteristics are enhanced, and we can get faults in itself through the dominance of function S. But the effect is susceptible to parameters, such as smoothing parameter and k, T, which are selected based on the characters of inputting figure. It is proved that the application of Steerable Pyramid to detect faults is successful for we obtain clear faults when the Steerable Pyramid decomposition is applied in faults detection of real seismic slice. It reveals characteristic of faults completely and meticulously, and provides useful information for structure elucidation, seismic facies characterization and reservoir predetermination. Noteworthy, it requires noise decaying before faults detection, for whether random noise or correlated noise can decrease accuracy of direction estimated.
出处
《地球物理学进展》
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第1期279-287,共9页
Progress in Geophysics
基金
国家科技重大专项子题海相碳酸盐岩层系综合地球物理勘探技术(2008ZX05005-005-008HZ)
