摘要
本文通过某蓄电池厂邻近幼儿园儿童的调查,探讨了儿童铅接触来源及生物阈限值。蓄电池厂车间空气铅平均浓度0.827mg/m^3,工人平均血铅浓度61μg/dl。幼儿园环境空气铅为0.019mg/m^3,幼儿园儿童血铅均值(铅作业工人子女组、中班、小班分别为35.7、23.9、16.1μg/dl)都显著高于对照儿童(9.2μg/dl),以铅作业工人子女组最高,其FEP和ZPP均值分别为161.2和162.7μg/dl,显著高于对照及其它儿童组。男女儿童比较,女性FEP和ZPP有升高趋势。这些结果提示,蓄电池厂环境污染已引起儿童过量铅吸收,而铅作业工人子女尤甚,且出现卟啉代谢障碍。儿童生物阈限值PbB可定为25μg/dl。
Children in a kindergarden near a battery pl- ant were investigated for assessment of lead expo- sure and biologica1 effect. Average air lead conce- ntration in the workplace was 0.827mg/m^3 and the blood lead level of workers was 61μg/dl. Air lead level in the nursery averaged 0.019mg/m^3. The re- sult showed that blood lead level of the children in the nursery was significantly higher than that of control children in a primary school about 1000 metres away from the plant. Blood lead level in offsprings of lead workers was the highest (35.7μg/ dl) among the groups. FEP and ZPP levels were also in the highest. The result revealed that offsp- rings of workers in the nursery had had excessive lead absoption and disturbed porphyrin metabolism. This may be partly due to the environmental poll- ution, partly due to the maternal lead transfer via placenta and milk as well as direct contamination of wearings. The author suggested that biological limit for children should not exceed 25μg/dl for PbB.
基金
国家教委博士点基金
