摘要
危化品(尤其化学战剂的毒害品)的痕量检测备受关注,碳纳米管传感器是利用碳纳米管的独特结构、电子、界面、场致诱导效应、声学和力学等性能而构建的一类新型敏感检测元件,在不同种类的危化品检测方面有很好的应用前景。该文总结了碳纳米管与传感器有关的物化性质,综述了碳纳米管传感器的工作原理、特点及在危化品检测方面的研究现状,分析了碳纳米管物化性质对传感器性能的影响规律及改性措施,展望了今后的发展动态。碳管的微结构控制和官能化有利于提高传感器的性能,碳管阵列和聚合物组成的三维结构传感器由于具有扩散阻力小和利用比表面大等优点将会是一个重要的研究方向。
The trace detection of hazardous chemicals （especially the poisons for chemical warfare agents） has attracted increasing interests from fundamentals to applications. Because of the advantages such as unique structure, electronic, interface, field-induced effect, ballistic effect, acoustic, mechanical, and so on, carbon nanotube （CNT） based sensors, a new type of sensitive devices, are promising for detecting various hazardous chemicals including gas and liquid by different interactions. The key physicochemical properties of CNTs related to sensors have been sum- marized. According to the different working principles, CNT based sensors can be classified into many types. The electronic properties, interface behavior, field-induced effect, and microstructure of CNTs are close to the detection performance of chemiresistive sensors, chemicapaeitance sensors, enhanced ionization sensors, and acoustic wave sensors, respectively. Pore size distribution, accessible surface area, and Surface chemistry of CNTs play an important role in enhancing adsorption and electric double-layer capacitance, while tip or cap is significant for ionization. The properties of such sensors, along with current research status for detecting hazardous chemicals, have been reviewed. The influences of CNTs on the performance of sensors are analyzed, and the enhancement of CNTs is advised. The development prospects of such sensors are discussed. The control of microstructure and the surface functional treatments of CNTs are necessary to improve the performance, on the other hand, sensors with 3-dimensional structure by combining CNT array and specific polymer are one of key promising prospects for their advantages like low diffusion resistance and large accessible surface area.
出处
《化学传感器》
CAS
2011年第4期28-38,共11页
Chemical Sensors
基金
部队技术革新项目
四川大学青年基金(07046)
关键词
CNTS
传感器
危化品
改性
CNTs
sensors
hazardous chemicals
improvement
