摘要
通过综述土壤侵蚀对碳循环的影响、全球气候变化对土壤侵蚀的影响以及水土保持植被恢复对碳循环与土壤碳素积累的影响,研究土壤侵蚀/水土保持与气候变化的耦合关系。结果表明:因侵蚀造成的土壤碳素损失是巨大的,但土壤侵蚀是碳源还是碳汇过程依然存在争议,焦点集中于因侵蚀造成土壤团聚体解体,暴露在空气中的土壤有机碳的矿化速率的大小;随着全球气温升高以及降雨格局的变化,全球土壤侵蚀强度和范围都在不断增加,但土壤侵蚀对全球气候变化的响应程度依然值得深入研究;水土保持生态恢复主要通过改变下垫面性质来改变土壤有机碳含量、影响土壤CO2释放并促进土壤碳素积累,对抑制大气CO2浓度升高能产生积极影响。尽管土壤侵蚀/水土保持与气候变化的耦合关系方面的研究已取得重大进展,但仍有待于在土壤侵蚀过程中碳素变化模型、土壤侵蚀过程中氮素迁移转化特征以及侵蚀劣地生态恢复过程中土壤碳素积累机制等方面加强研究。
The impact of soil erosion on carbon cycle,the global climate change on soil erosion and the vegetation restoration on soil carbon accumulation were reviewed.The results showed that soil carbon loss is enormous due to soil erosion,however,whether the soil erosion will be carbon source or carbon sink is still in argument.The discussion focused on the carbon mineralization rate of soil organic carbon exposed to the air because of the breakdown of soil aggregates by soil erosion.However the intensity and area of soil erosion are increasing as the rise of global temperature and the change of rainfall patterns,the response of soil erosion to global climate change needs further study.By changing the underlying surface characteristics,soil and water conservation could change the soil organic carbon content and the soil CO2 emission,and promote soil carbon accumulation,and thus to change the carbon cycle in some extent and inhibit the atmospheric CO2 concentration.The main research directions in this field in the future were also suggested,such as the carbon cycle modeling in soil erosion processes,the nitrogen transport and transformation process in soil erosion and the soil carbon accumulation mechanism in the process of ecological restoration of erosion badlands.
出处
《中国水土保持科学》
CSCD
2011年第6期106-113,共8页
Science of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
水利部公益性行业专项"红壤侵蚀区坡面水土综合整治技术集成与示范"(200901049)
关键词
土壤侵蚀
水土保持
气候变化
碳循环
耦合关系
soil erosion
soil and water conservation
climate change
carbon cycle
coupling relationship
