摘要
中国经济的国际化发展已经进入了新阶段,国际化的目标将由生产能力培育转向创新能力培育,因此基于创新知识的跨国吸收与学习是中国产业国际化发展的新目标。论文分析了作为吸收与学习发达国家创新知识的国际化渠道的传递机理,利用1986-2007年主要发达国家和中国经济数据,测算中国全要素生产率、四种国际化渠道吸收外国R&D外溢量,实证比较了中国吸收学习发达国家R&D外溢的四种国际化渠道效果。研究显示:进口、出口、外资和对外直接投资四种国际化渠道都是国际R&D外溢的主要渠道;渠道规模决定了贸易的外溢效应大于投资的外溢效应;基于技术设备中间品进口促进出口的互动贸易模式决定了出口与进口作为吸收外溢的整体贸易渠道更符合实际。调整我国国际化鼓励政策,由经济增长促进目标转为吸收国际创新知识外溢和学习促进的目标,变被动吸收国际知识外溢为主动吸收与学习,这对于提高吸收国际R&D外溢效果具有重要意义。
The intemationalization development of China＇ s economy has entered into a new phase. The aim of internationalization will change from the cultivation of production capacity to innovative ability. Therefore, transnational absorption and study of innovative knowledge become a new goal of internationalization development of China＇ s economy. This paper analyzes the transferring mechanism of international channel for absorbing and learning the innovative knowledge of developed countries. Based on the economic data of China and some developed countries from the year of 1986 to 2007, the paper calculates the total factor productivity of China and foreign R＆D spillovers that absorbed by four international channels. The research makes an empirical comparison of the effect of the four international channels of absorbing developed countries＇ R＆D spillovers. It＇ s indicated that the four intemational channels, namely, import, export, foreign investment and FDI, are the main channels of intemational R＆D spill- over. Secondly, the scale determines whether the spillover effect is greater than investment or not. Moreover, it＇ s more practical that import of technological equipments promoting export, which as an interactive trade pattern, determines export and import as a whole trade channel of absorbing spillovers. Adjusting our international encouragement policy and changing from passively absorbing international spillovers to an active position has great potential for enhancing the effect of absorbing intemational R＆D spillovers.
出处
《国际贸易问题》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第12期103-113,共11页
Journal of International Trade
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(70873109)
教育部规划基金项目(11YJA790185)
浙江省高校人文社科重点研究基地(国际贸易学科)课题基金项目
浙江省重点软科学基金项目(编号2011C25051)
关键词
R&D
跨国外溢
国际化渠道
技术进步
吸收能力
R＆D
International spillover
International channel
Technological progress
Absorptive capacity
