摘要
中国人大规模向海外移民始于16世纪末。到17世纪初,世界华人数量约十余万人,主要分布在东南亚各地。至19世纪中期,世界华人数量约150万人,仍高度集中于东南亚。19世纪中叶以后,大规模华工出国从根本上改变了世界华侨华人分布的状况,北美、拉丁美洲、大洋洲和欧洲都出现数量不等的以华工为主的华人社区。由于19世纪后期东南亚以外的国家和地区均排斥华工,20世纪初华人的数量仍高度集中于东南亚。到20世纪50年代初,世界华侨华人约有1200万—1300万人。20世纪70年代以来,大规模的中国新移民决定性地改变世界华侨华人高度集中于东南亚的格局。到2008年,世界华侨华人总数超过4500万人,而东南亚华侨华人的比例降为73%,北美、欧洲、澳洲和日本、韩国的华侨华人数量激增。
The Chinese emigrated on a large scale since the end of the 16th century. At the beginning of the 17th century, the overseas Chinese amounted to more than one hundred thousand, and were mainly distributed in Southeast Asia and Japan. By the middle 19th century they amounted to 1.5 million and almost all resided in Southeast Asia. Since the middle 19th century, the Chinese Coolie exported on a large scale and dramatically changed the distribution of overseas Chinese in the world. Some Chinese communities appeared in North America, Latin America, Oceania and Europe. By the middle 20th century the overseas Chinese increased to 12-13 million. Since the 1970s the new Chinese migrant created a new emigrating tide and decisively changed the distribution map. Up to 2008, the overseas Chinese in the whole world increased to 45 million and a great part of them resided in North America, Europe, Australia, Japan and South Korea.
出处
《世界历史》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期4-14,157,共11页
World History
基金
国家社科基金重点项目<国际华人移民现状
趋势和居住国政策>
教育部重大委托项目<东亚华侨华人软实力>成果
