摘要
环境保护的目标是维护生态平衡,这在环境法学界已成为习以为常的观念,在法律与政策中更是有着直接的规定。然而,20世纪90年代开始占据生态学主导地位的非平衡理论(新生态学)已经指出,生态平衡并不是生态系统的常态,达到平衡反而是一种顶级状态,对于生态系统本身来说并不是一件好事情。因此,生态平衡并不适宜作为环境保护的目的。在新生态学观念下,作为替代性概念,生态系统健康可以作为环境立法的目的。生态系统健康不仅承认并采纳生态系统的生物完整性,而且将人的价值、信仰和福利也作为健康的生态系统的一部分,从而将社会经济与传统的生态/环境价值融合在一起。
Environmental objective is to maintain ecological equilibrium, which has become a widely accepted idea in environmental law circle and the direct requirement in law and policy. However, since 1990s, non-equilibrium ecological theory （new ecology） has pointed out that the ecological equilibrium of ecosystem is not the norm, the equilibrium is rather＇a top state for the ecosystem, but it is not a good thing. Therefore, the ecological equilibrium is not appropriate as the purpose of environmental protec- tion. Under the new concept of ecology, as an alternative concept, ecosystem health is the purpose of en- vironmental legislation. Ecosystem health is not only to recognize and adopt the biological integrity of the ecosystem but also takes human values, beliefs and welfare as part of healthy ecosystem so as to integrate traditional socio-economic values with ecological/environmental values.
出处
《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第5期19-24,共6页
Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
湖北省人民政府法制研究课题"协商行政对法治行政的挑战与回应--以环境行政为例"(HBZFFZYJ201104)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金"农业环境保护中法律管制工具的选择与组合"(52204-10173)
关键词
环境立法目的
生态平衡
新生态学
生态系统健康
purpose of environmental legislation
ecosystem equilibrium
new ecology
ecosystem health
