摘要
调查沈阳浑河滨水地被植物的分布状况,并对其植物种类进行修剪试验。调查样地的优势植物为单子叶的马唐、狗尾草,盖度可达到60%。在试验地2条样带、6个样方共记录高等植物32种,其中禾草8种,占25%;多年生杂类草14种占43.7%;一年生杂类草10种占31.3%,其中一年生高草7种,有3种为较恶性一年生杂草。从水分生态类型上来看,这些植物属于中生的为15种,属于旱生的为10种——其中一年生达到8种,属于湿生的为7种。尤其马唐、狗尾草、金狗尾草、艾菊叶蒿、艾蒿、灰绿藜出现频度达到6次,大量的旱生植物进入群落中,反映出群落产生明显旱化、一年生化趋向。对于已退化的浑河滨水地被植物群落,通过采取适当修剪的方式如在每年的8月修剪一次留茬高度20 cm、10月修剪一次留茬高度30 cm,既能消除一年生恶性杂草又能保证多年生地被的恢复性生长达到较好景观效果,连续2年修剪大大降低了表层土壤库一年生禾草种子存量及萌发数量,增加了滨水多年生地被尤其低矮多年生地被物种的比例,滨水地被植物群落恢复到多年生地被占优势的良好态势。
As the increasing aggravation of the malignant weed and the annual graminaceous grass,where is in the riverine area by bank of the Hun he River in Shenyang Shenshuiwan park,the ornamental perennial is obvious spot massive distribution.The cover degree of the hairy crabgrass and the green bristle grass has achieved 60%,which plant type is monocotyledon in the investigation place.The recorded plant kinds in the 6 quadrats 2 type belts of experimental field are 32 kinds,25% is the graminaceous grass,43.7% is the perennial mixed,31.3% is the annual mixed in which the annual high grass is 7 kinds,including 3 kinds malignant annual weed.On the classification of the moisture ecology type of these plants,the mesozoic type is 15 kinds,the dry type is 10 kinds which including 8 annuals kinds,and 7 kinds humidogene type.The community of the moisture ecology became obvious desiccative and annual as the massive dry type invased in the plant community,especially the hairy crabgrass,the green bristlegrass,the golden green bristlegrass,the Chinese mugwort and the celadon chenopodium album which frequency achieved 6 times.Regarding degenerated riverine perennial plants by bank of Hunhe river,appropriate pruning can eliminate annual malignant weed and guarantee the recovery of perennial plants achieving good landscape effects visually,and pruning continuously for 2 to 3 years can greatly reduce annual graminaceous grass-seed germination and the storage quantity in the soil storehouse,so that the percentage of perennial ones especially the lower perennial species should be increased,and ultimately the perennial plants be in dominantly good situation.
出处
《北京农学院学报》
2011年第3期58-61,共4页
Journal of Beijing University of Agriculture
基金
沈阳沈水湾公园管理处资助项目
关键词
滨水
多年生地被
修剪
riverine
perennial plants
trim
