摘要
对北京市海淀区北部新区农村生活垃圾中的有机成分进行3组不同物料配比的堆肥试验,在堆肥周期内对堆体的理化性质、腐熟度指标与控制参数进行了研究。结果表明:农村生活垃圾中的有机成分含水率偏高,不利于直接堆肥。采用强制通风静态好氧堆肥,堆肥过程中温度、含水率、体积、pH、电导率、碳氮比的变化与一般堆肥过程各参数的变化规律相似,堆制出的堆肥产品各项指标经测定符合垃圾堆肥农用控制标准,说明强制通风静态好氧用于北部新区厨余垃圾堆肥可行。同厨余垃圾堆肥相比,添加了鸡粪和秸秆的堆肥,其堆温上升迅速,可更快地达到减容、无害和生物干燥的目的,减容率达70%以上。堆肥温度、外观特征、碳氮比、种子发芽指数等堆肥腐熟度评价指标均显示,有机垃圾堆肥21 d后基本达到腐熟。从3个发酵仓的试验数据来看,按厨余垃圾75%、秸秆10%、鸡粪15%的比例进行堆肥,效果最好。
Three kinds of material proportion of organic component in rural domestic waste in New North Zone of Haidian district,Beijing were used for the composting experiment.Physicochemical property,putrescibility and controlling parameters of pile during composting were researched.The results showed that moisture content of organic component in rural domestic waste was too high to directly composting.Using static composting of forced aeration,change regularity of temperature,moisture content,volume,pH,conductivity,and carbon-nitrogen ratio during the composting was similar with change of parameters during general composting.Index of the compost product conformed to control standards for waste compost for agricultural use.It indicated that static composting of forced aeration was suitable to food residue treatment in New North Zone.Comparing with food residue compost,the temperature of compost with chicken manure and straws increased rapidly,it can achieve the purpose of volume reduction,harmless and biological drying,the rate of volume reduction was over 70%.Organic component compost almost reached maturity after 21 days from aspects of putrescibility index of compost estimate,such as compost temperature,apparent characters,carbon-nitrogen ratio,and germination index.The composting effect is best when material proportions of food residue,straws and chicken manure were 75%,10% and 15% respectively,according to the experimental data of three fermentation tanks.
出处
《环境卫生工程》
2011年第1期54-58,共5页
Environmental Sanitation Engineering
关键词
农村生活垃圾
有机成分
堆肥
腐熟度
rural domestic waste
organic component
composting
putrescibility
