摘要
北美地区油气资源丰富,全球有近1/5的大油气田分布其中。研究区限于落基山褶皱冲断带、马拉松—沃希托褶皱冲断带、阿巴拉契亚褶皱冲断带和因努伊特褶皱带所围限的北美克拉通以及北大西洋被动大陆边缘地区北美部分,称之为北美含油气域。根据北美地区构造沉积特征,结合盆地分布及其地质结构特征,将北美含油气域划分为5个构造区带。通过深入剖析研究区大油气田的成藏要素和作用,结合含油气系统的思想,探讨大油气田的形成条件和分布规律。研究表明,研究区的构造沉积演化有泥盆纪、二叠纪和白垩纪3个重要时期,对区内大油气田的分布有着重要的控制作用。大油气田分布在落基山前陆地区、马拉松—沃希托前陆地区和中陆地区、内克拉通地区以及北大西洋被动大陆边缘地区,其中,在前陆地区最为集中。区内大油气田的烃源岩、储层和盖层主要位于泥盆系、二叠系和白垩系,圈闭类型主要是背斜圈闭、岩性圈闭和礁型圈闭以及构造和地层的复合圈闭。大油气田的产层深度主要在3km以上,其中泥盆系以大油田为主,二叠系大油田和大气田都较多,白垩系则以大气田为主。
North America has rich hydrocarbon resources, and about 1/5 global giant fields are distributed here. The regions of interest include American Craton circled by the fold thrust zones of Rocky Mountains, Marathon-Ouachita, Appalachian and the fold zone of Innuuite, and the passive continental margins of North Atlantic belong to North America, where can be called North America Petroliferous Domain. Based on characteristics of tectonic and sedimentary in North America, the distribution regularities of giant fields are studied by analyzing the play elements and processes of giant fields in this domain in depth. The study displays that the settings of tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the domain have three critical periods including Devonian, Permian, and Cretaceous, which are very important controlling effect to the distribution of giant oil and gas fields. The distribution of giant oil and gas fields in the domain can be divided into four belts, that is, the foreland of Rocky Mountains, the foreland of Marathon-Ouachita and Mid-Continent region, inner-Craton region, and passive continental margins of North Atlantic, where the forelands are the main region which giant fields distribute in. The source rocks, reservoirs and seals of giant fields mainly lie in Devonian System, Permian System and Cretaceous System. The patterns of traps chiefly are anticline, lithology or stratigraphy and reef. The producing pays of giant fields mainly distribute in over 3km in depth, where Devonian System mainly has giant oil fields, Cretaceous chiefly has giant gas fields, and Permian System has giant oil and gas fields.
出处
《中国石油勘探》
CAS
2011年第3期44-56,7-8,共13页
China Petroleum Exploration
基金
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项"全球常规油气资源评价研究"(2008E-060903)
关键词
北美含油气域
大油气田
构造沉积演化
泥盆系
二叠系
白垩系
形成条件
分布规律
North America Petroliferous Domain
giant oil and gas fields
tectono-depositional evolution
Devonian System
Permian System
Cretaceous System
formation
distribution
