摘要
在企业社会责任环境下,研究了由一个供应商和一个制造商组成的两层供应链的协作、定价及其利润分享问题。分别研究了Nash均衡、Stackelberg均衡和合作博弈情况下,制造商与供应商的均衡结果和系统利润,并设计一简单的收入分享契约,该利润分享契约可以实现供应链的帕雷托改进,甚至达到集中式供应链的情形。最后给出了算例分析。
The concept of corporate social responsibility（CSR） has been extended to the management of supply chains because of the impact of logistics services on globalization.Quantitative evaluations of CSR practices have not been well established.Current literature primarily focuses on four areas：（1） multilevel supply chain networks,（2） supply chain sustainability,（3） supply chain performance,and（4） CSR motivations.The first area of this paper develops a supply network equilibrium model with the goal of profit maximization and waste minimization.The second area of this paper examines supply chain sustainability from social,economic and environmental aspects.The third area of this paper investigates the relationship between CSR and supply chain performance.The fourth area of this paper measures the motivation of CSR in procurement practices.This paper studies collaboration,pricing and profit sharing problems associated with CSR practice in a two-level supply chain system,including a supplier and a manufacturer.The equilibrium of the supply chain＇s profit was discussed using the Nash game,the Stackelberg game and the cooperative game model.Our study showed that decentralized supply chains can achieve the Pareto improvement with a simple profit sharing contract.We also provided comprehensive numerical examples to provide some important managerial insights.The result of the Nash equilibrium model showed that the cost of performing CSR activities for manufacturers and suppliers,and efficiency coefficients measuring the impact of CSR activities on manufacturers and suppliers at different levels.In a decentralized supply chain,the product price is higher than in centralized supply chains.The CSR levels of manufacturers and suppliers are lower in decentralized than cooperative supply chains.A revenue sharing contract was proposed for effective collaboration between manufacturers and suppliers.Suppliers and manufacturers shared profits according to the contract.The profit sharing ratio fell in a range of values in order to ensure an effective cooperation between suppliers and manufacturers.The range of profit sharing ratios can be adjusted according to changes to the efficiency coefficients measuring the impact of CSR levels on manufacturer and retailer sides.Successful execution of CSR activities in the supply chain can potentially improve production efficiency,reduce costs and operational risks,and increase sales volume.Challenges ahead of CSR activities were also discussed in the end of this paper.
出处
《管理工程学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第2期103-108,共6页
Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(71071102
70771093)
四川省软科学科技计划项目(2010ZR0002)
关键词
供应链
协调
合作与非合作博弈
收入分享契约
企业社会责任
supply chain
coordination
cooperative and non-cooperative game
profit sharing contract
corporate social responsibility
