4Latoski S P, Dunn W M. Bernie W. Managing travel for planned special events [M ]. Washington, D. C. :Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, 2003.
5Still G K. Crowd dynamics [D]. United Kingdom: University of Warwick ,August 2000.
6Ronald N. The role of pedestrian modeling in planning for special events[C]//Proceedings of the 27th Australasian Transport Research Forum, Adelaide, 29 September-1 October 2004.