摘要
In the course of marketization in China, there has been a trend for the income gap to become ever wider. Some people have mistakenly attributed the gap to market reforms. This article provides a detailed empirical analysis of the changes in income distribution patterns and the reasons for the increasing income gap to clear up such misunderstandings. We believe the most important factors in the widening of the income gap and unequal income distribution are institutions and policies inherited from traditional economic planning; newly emerging systems and policies driven by departmental and local interests that run counter to market laws; lack of government action on gaps or distortions in the market; insufficient capital regulation and labor protection; and excessive government intervention in the economy.
在市场化过程中，中国出现了收入差距不断扩大的趋势，从而社会上出现了一些将收入差距扩大的原因归结为市场化改革的错误认识。本文通过对我国改革开放以来收入分配格局变化的主要特点和导致收入差距扩大的原因加以细致实证分析，对一些模糊认识加以澄清。本文认为在个人收入差距扩大的诸多因素中，传统计划体制遗留下来的一些制度和政策，在部门利益和地方利益驱使下新形成的有悖于市场体制规则的制度和政策，政府对市场缺失和市场扭曲采取的不作为态度，对资本节制和劳动保护的不足，政府对经济的过度干预。
