摘要
本文用X射线衍射分析（XRD）、红外光谱分析（IR）、透射电镜（TEM）及X射线荧光分析（XRF）对浙江省三种红、紫色砂页岩发育的红砂土、紫砂土和红紫砂土的矿物进行了分析。结果表明这三种土壤的全量化学组成有很大的差别，其中以铁、钛、锰及盐基元素的差别最为明显，体现了这三种土壤的成土母质形成于不同的沉积环境。红砂土以无序态高岭石和埃洛石为主，伴有一定数量的水云母和蛙石。紫砂土以水云母为主。伴有一定数量的埃洛石和蒙脱石，红紫砂土以蒙脱石和赤铁矿为主。三种土壤的晶态氧化铁组成也有很大的差异，紫砂土与红紫砂土为无铝替代的赤铁矿，而红砂土是由数量相近的赤铁矿和针铁矿所组成，并存在一定量的铝同晶替代，铁氧化物类型和数量的差异导致了三种土壤颜色的差别。
The mineralogy of three soils, derived from red sandstone, purple sandstone and red--purple sandstone was studied by XRD IR, TEM and XRF. Results showed that total chemical composition of these three soils varied greatly, especially for Fe, Ti, Mn and basic elements, which demonstrated that these three parent rocks were formed in different sedimentary environments. It was found that soil derived from red sandstone was mainly composed of disorder kaolinite and halloysite, and some illite and vermiculite, derived from Purple sandstone mainly illite, and some halloysite and montmolinite. Meanwhile montmolinite and hematite were the major minerals in soil from red--purple sandstone. The iron oxide minerals of these soils were also varied greatly, no-Al substituted hematite was the only crystalline Fe oxide in soil from purple sandstone and red-- purple sandstone; whereas the coexistent goethite and hematite is nearly amount in soil from red sandstone, and Al--substituted amounts of these iron oxides were 16.6 and 2.1 mole % respectively. Difference in types and amount of iron oxides resulted in different colors of these soils.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第3期308-317,共10页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
基金
欧共体资助!CICT93-0009
关键词
粘粒矿物
铁氧化物
红紫色土
土壤颜色
Clay mineralogy, Iron oxide, Color, Red and purple soils
