摘要
目的调查北京市某区农村地区生活饮用水总体卫生状况及水质达标情况,为今后该地区农村生活饮用水卫生相关工作提供科学参考。方法对该区农村地区全部自建集中式供水(11户)和全部分散式供水(208户)的卫生状况开展调查,并进行水质检测。结果自建集中式供水户多数已取得卫生许可证,水质消毒器运行正常,卫生防护设施完善,其总体卫生状况明显好于分散式供水;219件水样水质总合格率为76.71%,其中理化指标合格率为79.45%,微生物指标合格率为95.43%。自建集中式供水水质合格率为54.55%,分散式供水水质合格率为77.88%。菌落总数、总大肠菌群、氟化物、浑浊度、硫酸盐、硝酸盐氮、肉眼可见物、铁、总硬度合格率分别为99.54%、95.43%、96.35%、90.87%、98.63%、91.78%、95.89%、99.09%、99.54%,其余18项检验指标均全部合格。使用含氯制剂水质消毒器、臭氧水质消毒器和紫外线水质消毒器的供水设施水质微生物指标合格率分别为98.36%、83.33%和94.59%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=9.20,P<0.05)。结论该区农村地区生活饮用水总体卫生状况尚需完善,供水单位须进一步加强生活饮用水基础设施建设、卫生管理、人员培训等工作。
Objective To investigate the quality of drinking water in the rural areas of Beijing,and to provide a scientific basis for health inspection and supervision.Methods A total of 11 samples of self-sponsored community water supplies and 208 samples of household water supplies were collected and tested in the rural areas of Beijing.Results Most of 11 self-sponsored community water supplies had sanitary license and water protection measures.Water disinfection system worked well.The sanitation condition was much better in self-sponsored community water supplies than in household supplies.76.71%（168/219）,79.45%（174/219） and 95.43%（209/219） of water samples were qualified in general,for chemical contaminants and physical tests,and for microorganisms indicators.The general qualified rates of self-sponsored community supplies and household supplies were 54.55% and 77.88%,respectively.The major causes for poor water quality were turbidity,visible substance,the high level of water hardness and the high concentrations of fluoride,iron and etc.Chlorine had better water disinfection effect than ozone and UV did.Conclusion The quality of drinking water needs to be improved in the rural areas of Beijing.Efforts should be focused on the infrastructure construction of water supply system and the inspection of water quality.
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
2011年第4期341-344,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
关键词
生活饮用水
自建集中式供水
分散式供水
卫生状况
Drinking water
Self-sponsored water supplies
Household water supplies
Sanitation
