摘要
目的了解中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2004～2009年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行病学特征,为预防控制甲肝提供流行病学依据。方法利用中国法定传染病报告系统数据,进行甲肝描述性流行病学分析。结果中国2004～2009年甲肝报告发病率分别为7.20/10万、5.61/10万、5.37/10万、5.98/10万、4.34/10万、3.30/10万;报告病例主要集中在河南、四川、云南、贵州、新疆、甘肃省(自治区,下同),6个省甲肝病例数占当年全国总病例数44%～51%。近30%的病例为<15岁儿童,病例主要为农民和学生。2004～2009年报告甲肝突发公共卫生事件主要集在中、小学校,病例主要为在校学生。结论中国2004～2009年甲肝报告发病数(率)逐年下降,表明以甲肝疫苗预防接种为主的预防控制措施成效显著;加强甲肝监测,及时发现、调查、处理甲肝聚集性病例,可有效控制甲肝疫情爆发。
Objective To understand the epidemic situation of hepatitis A in China during 2004-2009 and provide the scientific basis for controlling hepatitis A in the future.Methods The data of hepatitis A from NNDRS during 2004-2009 was analyzed by Excel 97.Results During 2004-2009,the reported incidence of hepatitis A was 7.20/100 000,5.61/100 000,5.37/100 000,5.98/100 000,4.34/100 000 and 3.30/100 000 respectively.The Hepatitis A cases were mainly reported in some provinces including Henan,Sichuan,Yunnan,Guizhou,Gansu,and Xinjiang Provinces.About 50% of the reported hepatitis A cases during 2004-2009 were from those provinces.About 30% of hepatitis A cases were children under 15 years old.The reported emergency public affairs mostly happened in the elementary and high schools.And the reported cases were primarily students on campus.Conclusion The results revealed that the reported incidence of Hepatitis A has gradually decreased and the effectiveness of hepatitis A prevention and control has achieved enormous success,especially hepatitis A vaccination。
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CAS
2010年第5期453-456,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
