摘要
根据中国农村"准自耕农"社会结构特点,基于非劳动禀赋的异质性,构建了一条向上倾斜的同质劳动供给曲线,以此解释中国同质非熟练劳动在向城市流动中实际工资缓慢上涨的现象。中国农村不同地区及同一地区的不同农户,单位劳动可资利用的非劳动禀赋存在广泛差异。即使劳动是同质的,单位劳动生产力及劳动收入也有很大差别。随着劳动需求在城市化、工业化进程中不断增加,农村劳动将沿着务农收入或保留工资由低到高的顺序向城市流动,劳动供给价格及务工均衡工资率不断上升。而且,随着拥有禀赋更少的劳动离开农村,继续务农的单位农村劳动拥有的禀赋及劳动收入也会相应增加。最终,同质劳动收入将在务工和务农、不同农户间相等时达到均衡,实现劳动的优化配置,劳动收入差别只来自劳动质量差别。
Based on the Chinese rural social structure of semi-small ownership landholding system,we construct an upward homogenous labor supply curve from the perspective of non-labor endowments,in which we can explain the rises of unskilled labor real wages during migration.There are numerous differences among endowments in different agricultural families in the same or different regions that each unit labor can use,which induces to differences in average product of labor and labor income despite of the homogenous labors.With the increasing demands of labors in the process of industrialization and urbanization,rural labors will migrate into industrial sectors along from low income to high income.Labors supply price and equilibrium wage rate will increase accordingly;and when labors with much less endowment leave the rural families,the labors who continue to be farmers will increase their endowments and agricultural income accordingly.In equilibrium,agricultural income of homogenous labors in different families will be the same as industrial wages,in which labors receive the optimal allocation,the differences in labor income will be due to heterogeneous human capital endowments.
出处
《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2011年第2期116-125,共10页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究基金一般项目"劳动定价与收入差别"(08JA790009)
关键词
异质禀赋
同质劳动
劳动供给
工资
endowments heterogeneity
homogenous labors
labors supply
wages
