摘要
目的探讨上海嘉定地区儿童哮喘的致敏原以及哮喘患儿年龄与过敏原的相关性。方法351例哮喘儿童按年龄分组，用15种标准化的吸入性过敏原和食物性过敏原点刺液对所有忠儿进行皮肤点刺试验，观察阳性率及不同年龄组过敏原情况。结果（1）哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原阳性率为71．2％，其排序依次为粉尘螨（49．6％）、屋尘螨（49．0％）、霉菌Ⅰ（36．8％）、霉菌Ⅱ（34．8％）、树Ⅰ（32．5％）、狗上皮（31．9％）、猫上皮（31．3％）、花粉（29．1％）、树Ⅱ（28．8％）、羽毛（27．4％）；（2）哮喘患儿食物性过敏原阳性率为39．6％，其排序依次为虾（24．2％）、鸡蛋（15．7％）、牛奶（14．8％）、花生（13．7％）、咖喱食品（12．5％）；（3）≤3岁、3～6岁、〉6岁患儿的吸入性过敏原阳性率均高于食物性过敏原阳性率，随年龄的变化吸入性过敏原阳性率无显著差异，而随年龄增大食物性过敏原阳性率逐渐升高。结论儿童支气管哮喘大多与过敏原有关，且过敏原与年龄有一定的相关性。
Objective To investigate the common allergens and the relationship between the common allergens and the age of children with bronchial asthma in Jiading area of Shanghai. Methods Skin prick test （SPT） of 15 common allergens with standard prick liquid were performed in 351 asthmatic children, the children were divided into ≤3 years group, 3 -6 years group and 〉6 years group, and we observed the positive rates and allergens in different age groups. Results （ 1 ） The positive rate of SPT for inhalant allergens in children with bronchial asthma is 71. 2%, specifically are： dust mite （49. 6% ）, house dust mite （49. 0% ）, fungi Ⅰ（36. 8% ）, mold Ⅱ（ 34. 8% ）, tree Ⅰ （32. 5% ）, dog epithelium （ 31.9% ）, cat epithelium （ 31.3% ）, pollen （29.1%）, treeⅡ （28.8%）, and feather （27.4%）. （2）The positive rate of SPT for food allergens in children with bronchial asthma is 39. 6%, specifically are： shrimp（24.2% ）, eggs（ 15.7% ）, milk（ 14.8% ）, peanuts （ 13.7% ）, and curries（ 12.5% ）. （3） The positive rate of inhalant allergens was significantly higher than food allergens. The positive rate of inhalant allergens had no significant differences among different ages, while the positive rate of food allergens was increased with age. Conclusions Most children with bronchial asthma and allergens are related, and allergens are related to age.
出处
《国际儿科学杂志》
2011年第2期201-202,F0003,共3页
International Journal of Pediatrics
关键词
支气管哮喘
过敏原
儿童
Bronchial asthma
Allergen
Children
