摘要
[目的]了解儿童支气管哮喘的过敏原谱及相关因素。[方法]采用酶联免疫过敏原体外检测法检测支气管哮喘患儿血中的过敏原特异性IgE（sIgE）。[结果]支气管哮喘患儿168例过敏原的总阳性率为87．5％（147／168）。吸入组阳性率较高，其中尘螨的阳性率最高，为77．98％（131／168），其他依次为蟑螂17．26％，霉菌16．67％，花粉16．07％，屋尘13．1％。食物组总阳性率51．19％，其中牛奶和鱼、虾、蟹的阳性率分别为22．62％和21．43％。食物组以弱阳性居多。哮喘儿童中尘螨的阳性率与年龄有关。〈3岁组阳性率56．25％（27／48），3～6岁组92．31％（48／52）〉6岁组82．35％（56／68）。血清总IgE水平以尘螨阳性者最高，其他过敏原阳性组次之，未检出过敏原组最低。过敏原阳性组哮喘儿童年龄平均为5．79±0．77岁，略大于过敏原阴性哮喘儿童（3．45±2．11岁）。[结论]儿童支气管哮喘大部分与过敏有密切关系。尘螨仍是诱发儿童支气管哮喘的主要吸入变应原，其过敏在婴幼儿期已非常常见，在学龄前期达到高峰，以后持续在较高水平上。说明儿童支气管哮喘的早期预防重点应在生命早期，尤其对于早期血清IgE明显升高者，更应采取积极的早期干预措施。
[Objective] To explore the significance of early detection of allergen in children at risk of allergic asthma. [Methods] The allergen specific IgE antibody in asthma children was examined with method of in vitro ELISA. [Results] The positive rate of allergen was 87. 5% in 168 asthma children. The positive rate of inhalant allergen was higher, and the positive rate of dust mite was highest （77. 98%）, then was cockroach allergen （ 17. 26 % ）, molds （ 16.67 % ）, pollens（16.07） and house dust（ 13. 1% ） in order. The positive rate of food was 51. 19 %, the positive rate of dust mite was related to age of asthma children. At〈3 years of age, the positive rate was 56.25%, at 3-6 years of age, it was 92. 31%, and at〉6 years of age, it was 82. 35%. The level of total IgE was highest in dust mite positive children, but in other allergen positive children and allergen negative children, it was lower relatively. [Conclusion] Dust mite is still the main inhalant allergen in asthma children. The allergy is very common at infancy and toddler＇s age, and reaches summit at preschool age. The early prevention of asthma （Secondary Prevention） in children is focused on the infancy to toddler＇s ages, especially those with higher IgE levels in early life.
出处
《浙江中医药大学学报》
CAS
2007年第2期149-150,共2页
Journal of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
关键词
哮喘
过敏原
儿童
早期干预
asthma
allergen
children
early detection
