摘要
目的调查急性心肌梗死患者早期的心理状况,分析其心理状况与应对方式、社会支持之间的相关性。方法选择2010年1-8月在上海市中山医院和华山医院心内科住院治疗的143名急性心肌梗死（acute myocardial infarction,AMI）患者,在其发病后的5~7d,采用综合医院焦虑抑郁量表（hospital anxietyand depression scale,HADS）、医学应对问卷（medical coping mode-squestionnaire,MCMQ）和社会支持评定量表（social support revalued scale,SSRS）调查患者的心理状况、应对方式特征和社会支持情况,并采用相关性分析探讨心理状况与应对方式、社会支持之间的关系。结果男性和女性AMI患者的焦虑得分高于常模,男性AMI患者的抑郁得分高于常模（均P〈0.05）,而女性AMI患者的抑郁得分与常模相比差异无统计学意义。AMI患者的面对得分低于常模,屈服和回避得分高于常模（均P〈0.05）。AMI患者的焦虑水平与面对、回避等应对方式呈正相关,与客观支持呈负相关;抑郁水平与屈服应对方式呈正相关,与主观支持、客观支持、社会支持总体情况呈负相关。结论护理人员应指导AMI患者采取合适的方式应对疾病,改善患者的社会支持情况,进而避免患者负性情绪的出现,并促进其身心健康。
Objective To survey the psychological status of patients at the early stage of acute myocardial infarction（AMI） and to analyze the correlation between the psychological status of AMI patients and their coping styles and social supports.Methods From January to October 2010,143 AMI patients were evaluated 5 to 7 days after the onset of AMI on the psychological status,coping styles and social supports using the hospital anxiety and depression scale（HADS）,the medical coping modes questionnaire（MCMQ） and the social support scale（SSRS） separately.Correlation analysis method was also applied to identify the correlation between the psychological status of AMI patients and their coping styles and social supports.Results The anxiety scores were higher in both male and female AMI patients than the norm.The depression scores in male AMI patients were significantly higher than the norm（P0.05）.While no significant difference was observed on the depression scores between female AMI patients and the norm.The confrontation scores in AMI patients were lower than the norm while the resignation and avoidance scores in AMI patients were significantly higher than the norm（P0.05）.The anxiety level in AMI patients were positively correlated with the coping styles of confrontation and avoidance but negatively correlated with objective supports.The depression level was positively correlated with the coping style of resignation but negatively correlated with the subjective,objective and social supports in general.Conclusion Nursing staff should guide patients to cope with AMI using proper strategies and improve their social supports,so as to avoid their negative emotions and promote both physical and psychological health.
出处
《解放军护理杂志》
2011年第4期1-5,共5页
Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army
关键词
急性心肌梗死
心理状况
应对方式
社会支持
acute myocardial infarction
psychological status
coping style
social support
