摘要
美国气候变化政策发展大致经历了四个阶段,主要表现出如下特点:从地位上看,美国气候变化政策经历了从一般性程度上升到战略性高度的过程;从内容上看,美国气候变化政策是变化性与延续性相结合的产物;从政府首脑来看,其党派属性对气候变化政策影响重大。奥巴马政府任期内,"积极应对"将会成为美国气候政策的主旋律,但是其国内政策能否有效推进取决于多重因素的相互制衡。美国依旧会继续避免作出实质性的减排承诺,并且会继续要求发展中国家也参与到全球温室气体减排中来,只是形式将会更加间接化和多样化,同时会加强与主要发展中国家的合作力度,并有望打破小布什退出《京都议定书》造成的僵局。
Roughly four stages can be identified in the US climate change policy development,which mainly present the following features:the US climate change policy has experienced a process of attention that escalating from a general level to a strategic level; the US climate change policy is a combination of mutation and continuation; the US climate change policy is largely subject to partisan politics. Obama administration will pursue a 'positive response' policy regarding the US climate change policy,though his domestic policy performance will be restrained by multiple factors. The United States will continue to avoid making a substantial commitment to the emission reduction and will call on developing countries to participate into the global reduction of greenhouse emissions,though in a way more indirectly and more diversified. At the same time,US will intensify its cooperation with major developing countries and hope to break the stalemate caused by receding from the Kyoto Protocol in the Bush junior administration.
出处
《国际展望》
2011年第1期75-94,129,共20页
Global Review
