摘要
为了探明气象要素随海拔高度的分布规律,在大青山林区范围内选择代表性的地段,按地面气象观测规范要求,设置4个不同海拔高度的气象观测站,经过连续7 a主要气象要素的对比观测,得出如下结果:1)该林区年平均气温为18.3～21.3℃,随海拔高度升高而递减,其递减式为y=-0.005 6x+22.605。2)年平均土壤(0、5、10、15、20 cm土层)温度均随海拔高度升高而递减,其递减式分别为y0 cm=-0.006 2x+25.529,y5 cm=43.601x-0.113 5,y10 cm=44.78x-0.116 4,y15 cm=42.069x-0.105 2,y20 cm=43.163x-0.108 2。3)年降雨量为1 149.1～1 723.1 mm,随海拔高度的升高而递增,其递增式为y=431.98 lnx-1 155.0。4)年蒸发量为1 139.1～1 392.9 mm,随海拔升高而递减,其递减式为y=-0.446x+1476.1。5)年平均相对湿度为82%～87%,随海拔高度升高而递增,其递增式为y=0.008 3x+80.345。6)年平均风速为1.7～3.6 m/s,随海拔高度升高而递增,其递增式为y=0.003 7x+0.843 2。研究结果表明,大青山林区不同海拔高度的热量、水分及风能资源丰富,可通过回归模式预测不同海拔高度各气象要素的特征量。
Main meteorological elements of selected representative districts were observed for continuous 7 years by using 4 meteorological stations with different altitude according to ground meteorological observation standard to probe vertical distribution of main meteorological elements in Daqingshan forest zone.The results show that 1） mean annually temperature is 18.3～21.3℃ and reduces with altitude rise,and y=-0.0056x＋ 22.605.2） mean annual soil temperature（soil layers with 0,5,10,15 and 20cm） reduces with altitude rise and y0 cm=-0.0062x＋25.529,y5 cm=43.601x-0.1135,y10 cm=44.78x-0.1164,y15 cm=42.069x-0.1052,y20 cm=43.163x-0.1082.3） annual rainfall is 1149.1～1723.1mm and increases with altitude rise,and y =431.98lnx-1155.0.4） annual evaporation capacity is 1139.1～1392.9mm and reduces with altitude rise,and y=-0.446＋ 1476.1.5） mean annual relative humidity is 82%～87% and increases with altitude rise and y=0.0083x＋80.345.6） annual wind speed is 1.7～3.6m/s and increases with altitude rise,and y= 0.0037x＋ 0.8432.There are abundant heat,moisture and wind energy resources in Daqingshan forest zone.The meteorological element characteristic quantity of different districts with different altitude in Daqingshan forest zone can be forecasted by using their regression equations.
出处
《贵州农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2011年第1期90-95,共6页
Guizhou Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西林业科技重大项目"广西主要人工林生态功能研究"[桂林科字(2009)08]
关键词
气象要素
海拔高度
垂直变化
大青山林区
meteorological element
altitude
vertical change
Daqingshan forest zone
