摘要
目的：了解开封市2003-2009年麻疹流行病学特征,提出麻疹控制措施。方法：对2003-2009年开封市麻疹发病及采取的预防控制措施进行描述流行病学分析。结果：7年间麻疹流行经历了2005年发病高峰至2006年达到了发病新低,于2007年开始回升,2008年达到了发病率的新高。麻疹病例分布广泛,流行模式以散发和暴发并存,病例主要集中在尉氏县、杞县、开封县和兰考县。发病季节主要集中在4-6月;属小年龄发病模式,〈1岁儿童为麻疹高发年龄段,其病例构成在29.39%~38.28%之间;病例中有75%的无免疫史或免疫不详史,19%仅接种1剂次麻疹疫苗。结论：加强常规免疫接种的同时,扩大适龄儿童年龄开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫,采取针对不同人群实施补充接种（如育龄妇女、孕前妇女等）等综合防制措施,有效降低麻疹发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Kaifeng from 2003 to 2009,and to provide strategies and measures for measles prevention and control.Methods Measles epidemiology and control measures were analyzed in Kaifeng from 2003 to 2009 with descriptive epidemiology.Results From 2003 to 2009,the incidence of measles in 2005 reached a peak,while in 2006 decreased to a lowest,and began to pick up in 2007 and reached a new highest one in 2008.Measles cases were widely distributed,sporadic cases coexisting with outbreak ones.The cases developed mainly in Weishi County,Qixian,Kaifeng County and Lankao County.Epidemic season mainly concentrated from April to June.Measles mainly developed in small-age group,with a high incidence in children between 0 and 1 year old,which constituted between 29.39% to 38.28%.In all cases,75% had no history of immunization or unknown history,and 19% had only one measles vaccine inoculation.Conclusion Routine vaccine should be strengthened for measles prevention and control.Reinforced measles vaccination campaign should be launched in wider range of children in right age.The comprehensive measures aimed to different population（women of child-bearing age,pregestational women,et al）should be carried out to reduce measles incidence effectively.
出处
《中国农村卫生事业管理》
2011年第1期62-64,共3页
Chinese Rural Health Service Administration
关键词
麻疹
流行病学特征
measles
epidemiological characteristics
