摘要
为研究城市机动车污染特征，实现污染物排放的最优控制，提出研究排放控制目标的数学优化模型。该模型以传输矩阵的方式描述机动车污染物在城市区域的迁移转化规律，矩阵元素主要根据ＩＳＣＳＴ３模式的计算结果，分析源强在不同受体点产生的浓度而得到的。以国家环境质量标准为环境目标，探讨充分利用环境容量的排放控制目标及其空间分配，结果表明，北京市１９９５年ＣＯ排放总量尚未超过排放控制目标，但城市内核区域需削减５０％左右；为达到三级环境质量标准，市区内ＮＯＸ需削减３３％，城市内核区需削减８０％。这反映北京市区内ＮＯＸ污染已经达到相当严重的程度。
For studying characteristics of urban vehicular pollution so as to suggest the optimal control target for policy making, a mathematical optimizing model was developed. A transfer matrix was used to describe the transport and transformation of vehicular pollutants, each unit within the matrix was calculated as the ratio of pollutant emission intensity of a source with the concentration it causes, the concentrations were simulated by the dispersion model named ISCST3. So that pollutant dispersion based on Beijing’s meteorology was considered in meeting the demand of the national air quality standards with minimum vehicle emission reductions. The results reveal that CO emission within the downtown should be reduced 50% although the total emissions were not exceeding the emission control target in the whole urban area, whereas NO X emission in the downtown and whole urban area should be reduced by 80% and 33% respectively to meet the third class national air quality standard. This means the NO X pollution is very serious in Beijing.
出处
《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第6期102-105,共4页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
基金
福特-中国研究发展基金
