摘要
私人日记是重建历史时期高分辨率降水量序列的重要信息源。根据清代姚济所著的《己酉被水纪闻》中记录的上海(松江)1849年6月下旬至7月中旬逐日天气记录,辅以《清代长江流域西南国际河流洪涝档案史料》中的记载,确定了上海在大涝的1849年的入、出梅日期和梅雨期长度以及梅雨量,并重建了上海该年6月下旬、7月上旬、7月中旬以及整个6月下旬至7月中旬的降水量。结果表明:(1)上海1849年入梅时间为6月11日,出梅入伏时间为7月19日,梅雨持续时间38d,超过现代上海多年梅雨持续时间的平均值17d,梅雨期雨量为364.1mm。(2)上海该年6月下旬至7月中旬总计降雨26d,其中包括3场连续性降雨过程,其中第3场降雨最长连续时间为12d,重建的降雨量为318.6mm。与1954、1991、1998年等长江中下游大涝年份上海的降雨相比,1849年6月下旬至7月中旬,无论是总降雨持续时间,还是连续降雨日数都是最长的;降雨量也是最多的,接近常年平均的2倍。与1951—1998年逐年6月下旬至7月中旬上海的降雨相比,1849年总降雨天数仍然是最多的;连续降雨日数处于第2位,降雨量处于第6位。
Diary is a significant proxy data with daily time resolution for rainfall reconstruction.According to recorded daily weather of Shanghai from late June to middle July in 1849 in the diary named Records of the Flood in 1849 wrote by Yao ji of Qing Dynasty,in addition to the rainfall records from the Historical Archives of Floods in the Yangtze River and International rivers of Southwest China in Qing Dynasty,this paper reconstructs the set-in and set-out of plum rain,length of plum rain and rainfall during the plum rain season especially from late June to middle July in 1849 in Shanghai.The results show that：（1）In 1849,the set-in of plum rain was June 11th,the set-out date was July 19th,the duration of plum rain was 38 d which is 17 d over the average duration of plum rain in Shanghai now,and the precipitation during the plum rain season was 364.1 mm.（2）From late June to middle July in 1849,the total number of rainy days was 26 d in which included three times of continual rainfall processes and the third one lasted 12 d continually.The precipitation was 318.6 mm.Compared with the severe floods years of 1954,1991 and 1998 in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River,whether the total duration of rainfall or the successive raining days during late June to middle July in 1849 was the longest,and the precipitation was the highest which closes to two times of the modern average.But compared with that during late June to middle July in 1951-1998 in Shanghai,the total duration of rainfall was still the longest,the successive raining days ranked the second,and the precipitation ranked the sixth.
出处
《古地理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期96-102,共7页
Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition
基金
全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目(编号:2010CB950103)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2008BAK50B07)共同资助
关键词
日记
1849年
上海
降水重建
梅雨
diary
1849 AD
Shanghai
precipitation reconstruction
plum rain
