摘要
使用历史方志资料,根据台风发生时风雨潮洪的特点和文献记录中对它们的文字描述,建立了台风天气灾害现象筛选词语表,提取了台风相关信息,建立了长江三角洲地区公元 1644—1949 年历史台风灾害数据库。通过对现代台风过程中天气现象和可能造成灾害特征的分析,从历史台风描述词语、风雨潮现象发生的时间和空间特征、台风灾害链、风雨持续时间、台风风向、地形等方面制定了辨识历史台风的 4 条直接判别准则和 6 条辅助辨识依据,逐年辨识台风事件。与器测资料相对比,检验了历史台风事件重建的结果,公元1884—1949 年间共重建出 65 次台风事件,相当于器测数的 87. 8%,两者相差 1 次以下的年数为 55 a,占 83. 3%,说明利用方志资料重建台风频次序列的可靠性,为重建历史台风频次序列提供了方法支持,对研究长时间台风活动与气候变化的关系具有科学意义。
Based on the characteristics of strong winds,heavy rains,tidal surge,and floods associated with the process of typhoon and related descriptions in chorographies, a table of description for identifying historical typhoon disasters was made. Information on historical typhoon from historical chorographies was extracted from the table,and the Historical Typhoon Database in 1644-1949 AD in the Yangtze River Delta area was made.Referring to knowledge about modern typhoon,the criteria for identifying historical typhoon including 4 direct standards and 6 assisted evidences was confirmed in terms of words about historical typhoon,typhoon weather phenomenon,typhoon disaster chains,surge situations,storms duration,winds direction,terrain. According to the historical chorographies in 1884-1949 AD, typhoon activities occurred 65 times,which equal to 87.8% of the frequency of meteorological observation.The number of year with the frequency difference in typhoon activities reconstructed by two ways smaller than one is 55 and totals 83.3%.It means that the series of historical typhoon based on historical chorographies is reliable. This research could suggest a method for reconstructing the series of historical typhoon frequency, and is very useful for the research on long-term typhoon activities under the background of climate change.
出处
《古地理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期283-292,共10页
Journal of Palaeogeography：Chinese Edition
基金
全球变化研究国家重大科学研究计划项目(编号:2010CB950103)
"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2008BAK50B07)
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40901099)共同资助
关键词
方志
历史台风
长江三角洲地区
chorographies,historical typhoon,Yangtze River Delta area
