摘要
当前,储量替代率已经成为衡量跨国石油公司发展潜力的重要标志之一。从1999年以来,埃克森美孚、BP每年的储量替代率都大于100%,壳牌公司最近几年储量替代率都大于100%,道达尔、雪佛龙、康菲也基本实现了储量替代率大于100%,但高于130%的不多,各石油公司都在努力维持储量替代率大于100%。储量替代率的变化在主要程度上是由新增储量的变化引起的。储量复算、扩边及勘探发现是跨国石油公司新增储量的主体,从近5年平均贡献程度来看,扩边及勘探发现对新增储量的贡献率比储量复算要大。而勘探投资主要对应于扩边及勘探发现新增储量,各跨国石油公司的油气勘探开发投资额自1999年开始逐年递增,并且在加大勘探开发投资力度的同时,还注重保持勘探投资与开发投资合理的比例,从而确保上游业务的持续稳定发展。保持合理的勘探投资占勘探开发投资比例是储量替代率增长的内在因素,有利于保持储采平衡和增储稳产目标的实现。这对我国石油企业强化上游业务也具有一定的借鉴作用,一方面应加大勘探开发投资力度;另一方面应优化勘探开发投资结构,保持勘探投资比例稳步上升,在上游强化和拓展过程中更加注重扩边新发现对新增储量的影响。
Reserve Replacement Ratio （RRR） has become one of the vital marks to scale the potential development of global petroleum companies now.RRR is almost more than 100% in ExxonMobil Corporation and BP science 1999 and in Shell,Total,Shevron Corporation and Confo in recent years,but few is more than 130%.The variation of the RRR is mostly affected by the changes of the additional reserves.Reserves recalculation,boundary extending and exploration breakthrough make up of the main additional reserves for the global petroleum companies.Accroding to the average contribution rate in the recent five years,the latter two aaccounts for a great proportion.What＇s more,the additional reserves of boundary extending and exploration breakthrough are the main achievement of exploration investment.The capital outlay of oil-gas exploration and production by the global petroleum companies has been increased gradually since 1999.The investment propo- ration on exploration and production should be reasonable for sustainable development of the upstream.Proper upstream investment structure ,especially on the exploration,is the inner driving element of reserves replace- ment ratio,which will help to keep the balance of reserves and production and realize the goal of reserve increase and production stability.More investment and optimized investment structure on E＆P should be implemented for upsteam oil companies.It is very advantageous for oil companies to keep a stable RRR and sustainable development.The effect of boundary extending on the additional reserves should be paid more attention.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2010年第12期17-22,共6页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
跨国石油公司
储量替代率
新增储量
储量复算
扩边及勘探发现
勘探投资
global petroleum companies
reserve replacement ratio
additi onal reserves
reserve recalculation
boundary extending and exploration breakthrough
exploration investment
