摘要
我国传统儒家思想包含有丰富的正义观念和意蕴,"仁"、"道"、"礼"、"义"、"中庸"、"正名"、"均富"等思想都充分体现了先秦儒家的正义观。罗尔斯在《正义论》中基于对功利主义的批判,通过"无知之幕"、"最大最小值规则"等对原初状态的设定和描述,论证并提出了体现其正义观核心的正义两原则。儒家和罗尔斯的正义观都表明政治与伦理道德不可分割,二者都在某种程度上主张大体上的均等,且与当时的社会现实紧密相连。同时,这两种正义观在时代和政治出发点上各不相同,还体现了中西不同的政治文化传统和思维方式。两种正义观及其差异给我们留下许多启示:我们不能把现代人的政治原则强加于古人;应在主张伦理与道德正义的基础上强调法律正义和制度正义;一个正义的社会必须保证每个人都拥有一种平等的自由权利,并通过各种福利政策和补偿措施充分保障弱势群体的利益。
There’re abundant ideas and implications in our Chinese traditional Confucianism,such as ＂benevolence＂,＂Tao＂,＂rite＂,＂righteousness＂,＂the Mean＂,＂the rectification of names＂,＂equitable wealth＂ and so on.All of which fully reflect the justice thought of pre-Qin Confucian.Based on criticizing the utilitarianism in A Theory of Justice,Rawls proves and proposes his two principles of justice which reflect the core of his conception of justice by serials of setting and describing the original position such as the ＂veil of ignorance＂,the ＂maximum rule＂ and etc.Both Confucian and Rawls’ theories of justice indicate politics and ethics are indivisible.To some extent,both of them assert the general equalization and both embody Chinese and Western two different traditions of political culture and thinking modes.By comparison and analysis,the connotations,spirits and differences of both also leave us lots of enlightenment.
出处
《天中学刊》
2010年第6期51-57,共7页
Journal of Tianzhong
关键词
儒家
罗尔斯
正义观
对比
Confucian
Rawls
theory of justice
comparison
