摘要
利用2009年8月(夏季)采集于乐清湾18个调查站位的浮游植物样品,对该海域浮游植物群落的种类组成、优势种及丰度分布、多样性和均匀度等群落结构特征进行了分析,结果表明:乐清湾海域鉴定出的浮游植物共65种,隶属于2门27属,其中硅藻门为23属57种,甲藻门为4属8种。硅藻门以圆筛藻属Coscinodiscus种类为最多,其次为角毛藻属Chaetoceros、根管藻属Rhizosolenia、菱形藻属Nitzschia、斜纹藻属Pleurosigma;甲藻门以角藻属Ceratium种类为最多,其次为多甲藻属Per-idinium。优势种均为硅藻,包括中肋骨条藻Skeletonema costatum、虹彩圆筛藻Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis、琼氏圆筛藻Coscinodiscus jonesianus和辐射圆筛藻Coscinodiscus radiatus,其中中肋骨条藻占绝对优势。浮游植物丰度分布不均匀,湾内部西岸、灵昆北堤附近和大门岛南部的浮游植物丰度较高,湾内部东岸和乐清湾向东海开口处的浮游植物丰度较低。乐清湾夏季浮游植物丰度的分布主要受硅藻丰度分布的影响,其中湾口向东海开口区域浮游植物丰度的分布受中肋骨条藻丰度分布的影响,湾内浮游植物丰度的分布主要受圆筛藻属丰度分布的影响;甲藻的丰度分布基本上不影响浮游植物丰度的水平分布格局。浮游植物多样性指数(H′)平均值为2.429,均匀度指数(J′)平均值为0.638,两指数均高于2008年夏季杭州湾水平,表明夏季乐清湾浮游植物群落结构组成优于杭州湾。
Yueqingwan Bay locates in the southern coastal of Zhejiang Province and it is a half-closed bay.With strong tidal dynamics,it connects to the East China Sea through the tidal channels in the southern part.Yueqingwan Bay has become one of the 18 ecology-monitoring areas in China,because of its typical bay ecosystem and very important role in mariculture and maintaining regional ecological balance.On the basis of the data of phytoplankton collected in Yueqingwan Bay in August,2009,the species composition,dominant species,abundance distribution and diversity were analyzed.The results showed that 65 species phytoplankton belonging to 27 genera of 2 phyla in the surveyed area were recorded,of which 57 species from 23 genera belong to Bacillariophyta,accounted for 87.7% of the total species number,8 species from 4 genera to Pyrrophyta,accounted for 12.3%.For Bacillariophyta,11 species belong to Coscinodiscus,accounted for 19.3% of the total species number,9 species belong to Chaetoceros,accounted for 15.8%,7 species to Rhizosolenia,accounted for 12.3%,5 species to Nitzschia,accounted for 8.8%,and 3 species to Pleurosigma,accounted for 5.3%.For Pyrrophyta,4 species belong to Ceratium,accounted for 50.0% of the total species number,2 species belong to Peridinium,accounted for 25.0%.The dominant species of phytoplankton were Skeletonema costatum,Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis,Coscinodiscus jonesianus and Coscinodiscus radiatus.The concentration areas of phytoplankton abundance were found in the west of the internal Yueqingwan Bay,Lingkun bank and the south of Damen Island.The sparse zone of phytoplankton abundance were found in the east of the internal Yueqingwan Bay and the tidal channels where connected to the East China Sea in the southern Yueqingwan Bay.The horizontal patterns of phytoplankton abundance were controlled by those of diatoms.It was controlled by S.costatum in tidal channels where connected to the East China Sea in the southern Yueqingwan Bay,and by Coscinodiscus in the internal Yueqingwan Bay.Dinoflagellate abundances did not influence the pattern of horizontal distribution of phytoplankton abundance.The diversity index（H′） in August was 2.429,and the evenness index（J′） was 0.638.The H′ and J′ values were lower at sampling stations of Y23,Y28 and Y29,but there were no significant difference at the remaining stations.
出处
《海洋学研究》
2010年第3期34-42,共9页
Journal of Marine Sciences
基金
浙江省海洋环境保护和生态建设资金资助项目(20081112)
关键词
浮游植物
群落结构
丰度分布
乐清湾
phytoplankton
community structure
abundance distribution
Yueqingwan Bay
