摘要
通过2009年5-10月定位监测的六盘山分水岭沟内的典型森林植被(华北落叶松林、白桦林)的穿透雨、树干茎流和林冠截留等数据资料,并基于样地调查数据和同期气象数据,对两种典型林分对大气降雨的再分配特征及其有关影响因子进行综合分析。结果表明:研究期间,林外降雨总量为727.5mm,六盘山分水岭沟华北落叶松林的林冠截留量、穿透雨量和树干茎流量,分别占林外降雨总量的15.26%,74.04%和0.22%;白桦林的林冠截留量、穿透雨量和树干茎流量分别占林外降雨总量的9.13%,76.98%和0.33%。两种林分的穿透雨量和树干茎流量与降雨量均呈极显著的线性关系(P<0.01),穿透雨率、树干茎流率以及林冠截留率与降雨量呈极显著的对数函数关系(P<0.01)。华北落叶松林和白桦林两种林分产生树干茎流的降雨临界值分别为6.0mm和3.5mm。对华北落叶松林冠截留影响程度由大到小的因子依次为:降雨强度>降雨量>空气相对湿度>降雨期间的气温>降雨历时>风速;对白桦林林冠截留影响程度由大到小的因子依次为:降雨强度>降雨量>降雨历时>降雨期间的气温>空气相对湿度>风速。降雨强度和降雨量是对该区森林植被林冠截留影响最显著的两个因子,均以风速因子影响程度最低。
During May to October of 2009,the throughfall,stemflow and canopy interception of two typical forest （Principis rupprechtii forest and Betula platyphylla forest） in ditch watershed catchment in Liupan mountains nature reserve of northwestern China were observed,survey data based on plot and meteorological data over the same period,two typical stand on the redistribution of rainfall characteristics and their influencing factors were systematically analyzed.The result indicated that the total rainfall outside the forest was 727.5 mm,and the canopy interception,the throughfall and stemflow accounted for 15.26%,74.04% and 0.22% of the total rainfall outside the Principis rupprechtii forest,and the canopy interception,the throughfall and stemflow accounted for 9.13%,76.98% and 0.33% of the total rainfall outside the Betula platyphylla forest,respectively.The throughfall and stemflow had significant linear relationships with rainfall （P0.01） in two forest,and the significant relationships of throughfall ratio,stemflow ratio and canopy interception ratio with rainfall could be described with logarithmic function（P0.01）.Two kinds of Principis rupprechtii forest and Betula platyphylla forest produce stemflow critical value of rainfall,respectively 6.0 mm and 3.5 mm.For Principis rupprechtii forest,the influencing priority of analyzed factors was rainfall intensityprecipitationair humiditytemperaturerainfall duration timewind velocity.For Betula platyphylla forest,the influencing priority of analyzed factors was rainfall intensityprecipitationrainfall duration timetemperatureair humiditywind velocity.The canopy interceptions of these two forests were mainly influenced by rainfall intensity and precipitation,and were less influenced by wind velocity.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第5期120-125,共6页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(40730631
40801017)
林业公益性行业科研专项(200904056
200904005)
科技部"十一五"科技支撑项目专题(2006BAD03A1803)
关键词
六盘山
华北落叶松
白桦
林冠截留
穿透雨
树干茎流
Liupan mountains
Principis rupprechtii
Betula platyphylla
canopy interception
throughfall
stemflow
