摘要
本文使用第三次工业普查的75万家企业数据,通过估计四个行业112个产业的生产函数,研究制造业的集聚经济特征、产业最优集聚规模及集聚水平的内生性问题。结果表明:集聚经济的存在形式为市级范围的本地化经济,省级范围的城市化经济虽然存在,但实际影响很小;企业层面规模报酬递减说明集聚经济更可能来源于城市经济理论所强调的技术外部性;随着集聚规模的上升,集聚经济呈先升后降的"倒U型"变化,各产业存在一个集聚效应最大化的最优集聚规模,但实际集聚规模普遍远小于最优集聚规模;与最优集聚规模相对应,以指数衡量的产业集聚水平也具有内生性。
Using the third industrial survey data of 750 thousand firms, this paper studies the patterns of agglomeration economies, optimal scale of agglomeration and endogeneity of agglomeration level through estimating the production function of 112 industries of four categories. Results show: (1) that there are localization economies within prefecture level and urbanization economies within provincial level, but the latter is trivial importance. (2) Decreasing returns of scale means that the discovered agglomeration economies most likely arise from the technological externality emphasized by urban economics. (3) Agglomeration economies turn from rise to fall on an inverted U -Curve path as agglomeration scale increases to a certain level. Each industry has an optimal agglomeration scale at which agglomeration economies maximize, and the actual scales of agglomeration are generally smaller than the optimal scales. (4) Corresponding to optimal agglomeration scale, agglomeration level measured by index is endogenous.
出处
《上海经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第9期3-13,共11页
Shanghai Journal of Economics
基金
科技部科技支撑项目<村镇劳动力流动跟踪监测与跨区域调控信息技术开发>(2006BAJ07B07)
中国社科院青年科研启动基金项目<集聚经济
人口迁移与城市体系演变>的支持
关键词
产业集聚
集聚经济
本地化经济
城市化经济
industrial agglomeration, agglomeration economies, localization economies, urbanization economies