摘要
总结了目前在国际上测定反刍动物甲烷排放时几类常用技术的测定原理,主要包括质量平衡法、反演式气体扩散模型以及示踪法等。已建立的各项测定技术其准确性差异较小,但在其灵活性、代表性和广适性上具有较明显差异。如质量平衡技术的主要限制因素是反刍动物生活环境的改变、难以区分反刍动物与废弃物的甲烷排放和试验费用高等;而微气象学技术的主要限制因素是对甲烷排放气团的不完全测定、估算结果可能偏高、试验费用高或复杂的气象条件和养殖场观测条件等;气体示踪技术的主要缺陷是测定结果变异较高。这些方法中,反演式气体扩散模型技术和六氟化硫示踪技术因测定结果的较高代表性、广适性等特点,在我国反刍动物甲烷排放因子的定量化测定过程中可能具有非常广泛的应用前景。
Several commonly used measurement techniques such as mass balance techniques,micrometeorological mass difference techniques and tracer methods were summarized.It was indicated that the accuracies of these techniques were not significant different.However,their flexibilities,representativeness and adaptabilities were much different.For example,mass balance techniques and micrometeorological mass difference were strongly limited due to the alternation of the animal living conditions,difficulty of separating the ruminant methane emissions from the manure,or expensive equipment.The micrometeorological mass difference techniques were limited due to incomplete measurement of gas plumes,overestimation or complex farm situation and wind conditions.Tracer method might be limited in some cases due to the relatively high uncertainty.Among these techniques,inverse dispersion technique and tracer method might have great potential in determining methane emission factors from ruminants due to their great flexibilities,representativeness and wide adaptability.
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
北大核心
2010年第21期11414-11418,共5页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
农业部公益性行业计划(200803030)
中德合作项目(BMBFKFZ:0330847A)
科技部资助项目(2009DFA32710)
