摘要
抗冻蛋白（ａｎｔｉｆｒｅｚｅｐｒｏｔｅｉｎｓ，ＡＦＰｓ）是一类抑制冰晶生长的蛋白质，能以非依数性形式降低水溶液的冰点，但对熔点影响甚微，从而导致水溶液的熔点和冰点之间出现差值。这种差值称为热滞活性（ｔｈｅｒｍａｌｈｙｓｔｅｒｅｓｉｓａｃｔｉｖｉｔｙ，...
In the last 3 decades, antifreeze proteins (AFPs) have been studied in overwintering insects, polar fish, then in plant materials. The studies in fish AFPs were more comprehensive and systematic. Four groups of AFPs are indentified in the polar fish: AFGPs (antifreeze glycoproteins), AFPⅠ, AFPⅡ and AFPⅢ. Two new AFPs, THP26/27 (in Tenebrio molitor ), DAFP_1/_2 (in Dendroides canadensis ), are purified from insects. Recently, five AFPs in plants are purified: Sd67 (in Solanum dulcamara ), three antifungal proteins (in Secale cereale ) and afp (in Ammonpiptanthus mongolicus ). Their THA (thermal hysteresis activity) is lower than that of fish and insect AFPs. Plant AFPs may have four functions in the antifreeze process of plant: (1) lowering the freezing point; (2) inhibiting ice_recrystallization; (3) modifying ice morphology; (4) regulating the supercooling state of protoplasm. And it is the last one that may be the key role of AFPs to beneficiate the plant undergoing an antifreeze physiological process.
关键词
抗冻蛋白
热滞活性
抗冻作用
过冷态
冷诱导
Antifreeze proteins, Thermal hysteresis activity, Antifreeze, Supercooling, Cold induction
