摘要
在分析地学数据特点和共享需求的基础上,阐述数据分类对于人们认识地球以及地学研究的重要性,并综述和评价了目前地学领域已有的各种分类研究。这些分类研究大致可归纳为探索型、应用型和综合型3种。由于地学数据应用的多学科交叉、多源异构等特性,分类系统很难满足系统性、一致性、易扩展性等原则。本文从数据发生的角度,探索新的数据分类方案,将地学数据分为器测数据、调查数据和过程数据三大类。从数据本质特征对其进行描述,学科应用仅作为数据的元数据对其标志,从而很好地消除了上述问题。此外,本文基于ISO19115地理信息核心元数据扩展模型,将地理信息元数据标准拓展到整个地学领域的数据描述,构建适应该地学数据分类方案的元数据体系。
Based on the analysis of characteristics and emergently sharing needs of geo-referenced data,the significance of data classification for geo-science researches is presented,and a variety of current data classification systems in this field are reviewed and evaluated in the paper.These studies on data classification basically include three types of exploring,practice and synthesis researches.Taking account of the properties of multi-disciplinarity and multisource heterogeneity of geo-referenced data,it is difficult to meet the systematic,consistent,easily extended principles of taxonomy.In the following,a new kind of data classification schema for geo-referenced data is designed and studied from the aspect of generation,in which the data are sub-divided into three categories of instrument-measured data which is obtained by instruments,investigated data that is acquired by investigation and statistical methods,and process data which is achieved by recalculation based on some algorithms or thematic models.As data is sorted by its exclusively natural property and the indices of application fields are only labeled as metadata items,this schema efficiently eliminates above-mentioned problems.Correspondingly,on the basis of the standard of ISO 19115,an extension model for metadata is discussed to assist better describing geo-referenced data,which extends the international standard for metadata ranging from geographical information to the geo-sciences.
出处
《地理信息世界》
2010年第4期22-28,共7页
Geomatics World
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目(200713A061301)资助
