摘要
化工生产过程涉及大量易燃、易爆、有毒、有害物质,一旦物质或能量的正常运行状态遭到破坏,便会发生火灾、爆炸或泄漏导致灾难性后果。为防止化工生产过程危险事故的发生和蔓延,实现事故早期预防,需要对化工生产过程进行安全评价。危险与可操作性分析(Hazard and Operability,HAZOP)是1套应用较广的评价方法,但是人工评价存在费时、费力、成本高等缺点。本文介绍了计算机辅助安全评价技术的发展和人工HAZOP安全评价技术,重点讨论了一种基于SDG(Signed DirectedGraph)的计算机辅助危险与可操作性分析安全评价技术。这种安全评价技术基于SDG定性模型过程模型,通用性强,且又能分析各种具体工艺的特定信息,与人工专家评价相比,该评价技术具有完备性好、省时、省力、成本低、评价结果系统性和条理性强等众多优点。
Due to the mass of flammability,burst,venomousness and injurant.If the substance or energy running state is destroyed,disastrous results could happen,i.e.fire,explosions and leaking.In order to prevent the happening of accidents in chemical production process,safety assessment of chemical production process should be taken to realize the early prevention and alarm of accidents.Hazard and Operability（HAZOP） analysis is widely used and recognized as the preferred safety analysis approach in the process systems.However,the manual HAZOP analysis is time consuming,strenuous and costly.The present status and developing trends of computer-aided technology of safety assessment and the manual HAZOP analysis are briefly reviewed.Especially a computer aided HAZOP analysis system based on SDG is presented in detail.This technology of safety assessment which used SDG qualitative model is very adaptive.Besides,it can handle the huge amount of specific process information. Compared with the manual HAZOP analysis,the technology has many advantages,such as good maturity,time saving,effort saving,money saving, systematic result,and so on.
出处
《计算机与应用化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期1119-1122,共4页
Computers and Applied Chemistry
