摘要
目的:了解住院患者常见非发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌的临床分布和耐药特征,为临床抗感染治疗提供参考依据。方法:收集汕头潮南民生医院2009年4月1日～2010年3月31日住院患者送检标本分离的细菌,采用微量稀释法和部分纸片扩散法(Kirby-Bauer法)进行药敏试验,结果判断按照美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)2007年版标准。结果:临床分离的156株非发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌中,铜绿假单胞菌49株(31.4%),不动杆菌属74株(47.4%)以及嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌33株(21.2%)。对铜绿假单胞菌敏感率较高的是多粘菌素E(100.0%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(93.9%)、美罗培南(91.8%)、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(91.8%);对不动杆菌属敏感率较高的是多粘菌素E(100.0%)、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(74.3%)、亚胺培南(29.7%)和美罗培南(41.9%),对其余14种抗菌药物耐药率均在70%以上;对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌敏感率较高的是复方磺胺甲唑(100.0%)、左氧氟沙星(72.7%),对其余16种抗菌药物多数呈高度耐药。结论:非发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌是引起医院感染的主要病原菌,对多种抗菌药物呈高度耐药,临床应密切监测并根据药敏试验结果合理选用抗菌药物,避免滥用,以减少耐药菌株的产生;同时应加强对医院环境消毒和增强医务人员的无菌操作意识。
OBJECTIVE：To investigate clinical distribution and drug resistance of non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli（NFGNB） in the inpatients,and to provide reference for anti-infection therapy.METHODS：The clinical isolated bacilli were collected from inpatients of our hospital from Apr.1,2009 to Mar.31,2010.Microdilution and partial kirby-bauer（K-B） paper method were used for drug sensitivity test according to CLSI 2007 standards.RESULTS：Of total 156 strains of clinical isolated NFGNB,there were 49 strains of P.aeruginosa（31.4%）,74 strains of Acinetobacter（47.4%） and 33 strains of S.maltophilia（21.2%）.The sensitive rates of P.aeruginosa to polymyxin E,piperacillin/tazobactam,meropenem,cefoperazone/sulbactam were 100.0%,93.9%,91.8% and 91.8%.The sensitive rates of Acinetobacter to polymyxin E,cefoperazone/sulbactam,imipenem and meropenem were 100.0%,74.3%,29.7% and 41.9%,respectively;the resistant rates of Acinetobacter to other 14 kinds of antibacterial agents were all higher than 70%.The sensitive rates of S.maltophilia to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim（TMP/SMZ） and levofloxacine were 100.0% and 72.7%,and it was highly resistant to other 16 kinds of antibacterial agents.CONCLUSION：NFGNB is the main pathogen to cause nosocomial infection and highly resistant to many kinds of antimicrobial agents.Great importance should be attached to clinical monitoring and rational use of drugs based on results of drug sensitivity test in order to avoid abuse of drug and to minimize drug-resistant strains.It is of significance to strengthen hospital environment sterilization and the consciousness of medical staffs on aseptic operation.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第30期2840-2842,共3页
China Pharmacy
关键词
住院患者
非发酵糖革兰阴性杆菌
分布
耐药性
Inpatients
Non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli
Distribution
Drug resistance
