摘要
目的了解濮阳市各项目县健康教育干预前后碘缺乏病和饮水型氟中毒知识的知晓率,评价健康教育项目效果。方法按照《河南省地方病健康教育项目方案》要求,对项目小学的学生和项目村的家庭主妇进行地方病知识知晓率基线调查,之后,在项目县、乡、小学和村开展系列健康教育干预活动,2个月后评价干预效果。结果健康教育干预活动实施后,小学生碘缺乏病知识知晓率从干预前的49.89%提高到干预后的95.27%,家庭主妇从55.21%提高到92.72%;小学生饮水型氟中毒知识知晓率从干预前的47.22%提高到干预后的89.89%,家庭主妇从46.89%提高到87.67%;"向父母讲过碘缺乏病知识"的小学生从干预前的2.80%增加到干预后的97.79%,能正确回答"炒菜时,碘盐应该什么时间放?"的家庭主妇从干预前的59.01%增加到干预后的98.42%;"愿意饮低氟水"的小学生从干预前的39.20%增加到干预后的74.45%,家庭主妇从干预前的74.32%增加到干预后的88.89%。结论健康教育项目对提高目标人群地方病知识、改善相关行为有明显效果;在加强大众媒体宣传的同时,应建立"学生—家庭—社区"的健康教育干预模式。
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this program is to understand the percentage popularity of knowledge about the iodine shortage diseases and drinking water fluorosis after related health education at the county level of Puyang City, and to provide the evaluation of education effects. METHODS The method is carried out, according to the requirements of ＂Education Program for Endemic Diseases of He＇nan Province, by surveying knowledge of endemic diseases with pupils and housewives corresponding to the necessary items required by this program. Then, the intervention effects are evaluated two months later after teaching pupils and housewives in counties, towns, villages and schools with the knowledge of endemic diseases. RESULTS The results show that after this education, pupils＇ knowledge about the iodine shortage diseases increase from 49.89% to 95.27%; Housewives do from 55.21% to 92.72%. At the same time, after this education, pupils＇ knowledge about the drinking water fluorosis increase from 47.22% to 89.89%; Housewives do from 46.89% to 87.67%. There are about an increase from 2.80% to 97.79% of pupils that are able to tell their parents about the iodine shortage diseases after this education; There are about an increase from 59.01% to 98.42% of housewives that know when to put iodine salt in their cooking; An increase from 39.20% to 74.45% of pupils is seen to be willing to drink water of low fluorine, while housewives grow up to 88.89% compared to the former 74.32% before this education. CONCLUSION Our conclusions are that health education is effective in strengthening peoples＇ knowledge of endemic diseases, and their living styles improve greatly. In enhancing the popular education through public medium, the education-intervention mode of ＇pupil to family to community＇ should be established towards this effort.
出处
《中国初级卫生保健》
2010年第7期21-22,共2页
Chinese Primary Health Care
关键词
地方病
健康教育
效果评价
endemic diseases
health education
effect evaluation
