摘要
目的 研究中国汉族正常成人垂体MRI形态学特征,为建立国人正常标准脑提供垂体形态学数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取18～70岁978名健康志愿者,并按18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁5个年龄段分为A、B、C、D、E组,行3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI,利用3D后处理软件进行MPR,测量垂体体积及各方向径线,以及垂体柄与大脑中线、视交叉及垂体表面夹角.相同性别不同年龄分组的垂体测量值比较采用方差分析,相同组别不同性别垂体测量值的比较采用独立样本t检验分析,垂体分型数据采用x2分析.结果 （1）垂体体积：男性5组垂体体积分别为（1142±290）、（996±223）、（979±178）、（971±174）、（930±189）mm^3,女性分别为（1247±210）、（1199±216）、（1108±196）、（1059±212）、（984±177）mm^3,在不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为13.811、27.091,P值均〈0.01）,在男性30岁以后,女性40岁以后垂体体积变小;同年龄组女性垂体体积大于男性（P〈0.05）;垂体体积与性别、年龄、分型、正中高径、前后径和宽径相关（r=0.646,P〈0.01）.（2）垂体径线测量统计：垂体正中高径男性各组分别为（6.6±1.5）、（6.0±1.4）、（5.6±1.1）、（5.0±1.2）、（4.9±1.4）mm,女性分别为（7.9±1.6）、（6.4±2.0）、（5.6±1.7）、（5.1±1.7）、（4.4±1.4）mm,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为24.582、62.978,P值均〈0.01）,30岁之前女性正中矢状高径大于男性,30岁之后男女垂体正中矢状高径逐渐减小,男性50岁后,女性60岁后降至最低;垂体正中矢状高径与性别、年龄相关（r=0.570,P〈0.01）.垂体宽径男性各组分别为（14.8±1.8）、（14.7±1.4）、（14.2±1.9）、（14.3±2.1）、（13.8±2.4）mm,女性各组分别为（14.9±1.8）、（15.8±1.7）、（15.5±2.1）、（15.6±2.2）、（14.9±2.1）mm,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为4.566、4.233,P值均〈0.05）;垂体宽径与性别、体重、年龄相关（r=0.300,P〈0.01）.垂体前后径男性各组分别为（11.2±1.2）、（11.8±1.3）、（11.8±1.5）、（12.3±1.8）、（12.2±2.0）mm,女性分别为（11.9±1.3）、（12.5±1.5）、（12.4±1.5）、（12.9±1.6）、（12.7±1.6）mm,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义（F值分别为7.270、5.903,P值均〈0.01）,60岁之前男性垂体前后径小于女性（P〈0.05）,且随后逐渐减小,女性前后径随年龄逐渐减小;垂体正中矢状前后径与性别、年龄相关（r=0.276,P〈0.01）.（3）垂体柄夹角统计：冠状面重组上垂体柄与垂体表面、视交叉及脑中线之间并无明显偏移,且男女之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.（4）垂体分型统计：不同性别年龄组间分型差异有统计学意义（x2值分别为44.212、107.518,P值均〈0.01）.随年龄增加,隆起型逐渐减少,凹陷型逐渐增加.结论 3D高分辨率MRI能够清晰显示垂体形态,结合3D后处理软件能够准确测量垂体体积及各方向径线以及垂体柄的夹角,为建立标准脑提供科学数据.
Objective To study the morphological characteristics of pituitary glands in healthy adult of the Han nationality on the High-resolution MRI and provide morphological data of pituitary glands for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.Nine hundred and seventy eight Chinese healthy volunteers （age range = 18 to 70） recruited from 16 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., Group A （ age range = 18 to 30）, B （ age range = 31 to 40）, C （ age range = 41 to 50）, D （ age range = 51 to 60 ）, and E （ age range = 61 to 70）.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T, weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.By Multiplan reconstruction with 3D software, the pituitary gland＇s volume, size, and inclination of pituitary stalk were measured and the differences between sexualities and among age groups were compared by analysis of variance using SPSS13.0; those among five age groups were compared pair-wised by Tukey analysis; and the differences between male and female were analyzed by independent t test, and the differences of measurements of typing of pituitary glands were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results（ 1 ） Volume of pituitary glands： the mean volume of male and female among 5 age groups were （ 1142±290）, （996±223）, （979 ±178）, （971 ±174）, （930 ±189） and （1247 ±210）, （1199 ±216）,（ 1108 ± 196）, （ 1059 ± 212 ）, （984 ± 177 ） mm^3 respectively.There were significant differences among the age groups（F = 13.811,27.091 ,P 〈0.01）, the volume tended to decrease after 30 years old in male and 40 years old in female.Female has bigger volume than man in the same age group （P 〈 0.05）.There were statistically correlation between sexes, age, typing, heights in middle sagittal width in coronal MR and anteroposterior diameter in middle sagittal MR.（2） The size of pituitary giands：the mean heights on middle sagittal MR images of male and female among 5 age groups were（6.6±1.5）, （6.0±1.4）, （5.6±1.1 ）,（5.0±1.2）, （4.9±1.4）and （7.9±1.6）, （6.4±2.0）, （5.6±1.7）, （5.1±1.7）, （4.4±1.4）mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups （ F = 24.582,62.978, P 〈 0.01 ）.Females demonstrated larger pituitary glands than men in the age from 18 to 30 year old groups （ P 〈 0.01 ）.The pituitary height tended to decline after 30 years old, minimum after 50 years old group in male and 40 years old in female.The heights were statistically correlated with sexes and age.The mean width in coronal MR images of male and female among 5 age groups were（ 14.8± 1.8）, （ 14.7 ± 1.4）, （ 14.2±1.9）, （14.3 ±2.1）, （13.8 ±2.4） and （14.9±1.8）, （15.8±1.7）, （15.5±2.1）, （15.6±2.2）,（ 14.9±2.1 ） mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups（ F = 4.566,4.233,P〈0.05）,The width of pituitary before 30 years old and after 60 years old were smaller than the other groups （P 〈0.05 ）, but man did not show this relationship.The widths were statistically correlation with sexes, age and weight.The mean anteroposterior diameter in middle sagittal images of male and female among 5 age groups were （11.2±1.2）, （11.8±1.3）, （11.8±1.5）, （12.3±1.8）, （12.2±2.0） and （11.9±1.3）, （12.5±1.5）, （12.4±1.5）, （12.9±1.6）, （12.7±1.6）mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups （ F = 7.270, 5.903, P 〈 0.01 ）.Before 60 year old, the anteroposterior diameter was smaller in male than all female groups （P 〈 0.05 ）, and there was a tendency to grow downwards with age.The anteroposterior diameter was statistically correlated with sexes and age.（3）The angle of inclination of pituitary stalks： on reconstructed coronal MRI imaging, the angle of inclination of pituitary stalk were in the middle, no significant differences in the angle measurements were found between male and female among 5 age groups （ P 〉 0.05）.（4） The typing of pituitary glands in middle sagittal MR images ： there were significant differences between each typing （ χ^2 = 44.212, 107.518, P 〈 0.01 ）, there was a tendency of pituitary upper border to depressed when age increased.Conclusions With highresolution MRI and 3D volumetric analytic software, volume and size of pituitary glands and the angle of inclination of pituitary stalks were accurately measured, and that provide morphological data of pituitary glands for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.
出处
《中华放射学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期579-584,共6页
Chinese Journal of Radiology
基金
国家科委＂八六三＂计划资助项目（2006AA02z391）
科技部＂九七三＂资助项目（2005CB522800、2004CB318101）
国家自然科学基金资助项目（30621004、30870697）
关键词
垂体
磁共振成像
器官测量
Pituitary gland
Magnetic resonance imaging
Organ size
