摘要
目的评估上海不同职业人群中抑郁症状现患状况,探讨不同职业紧张因子与抑郁症状间的关联。方法采用方便整群抽样,选择教师、生产性外企员工、行政管理与研究人员、服务性外企员工、交通警察、社区卫生服务员工与物业管理人员共7种不同职业人群,运用简明职业紧张问卷和流行病学研究用抑郁量表进行调查,由调查对象自主完成问卷。运用Logistic回归与层次多元回归分析职业紧张与抑郁症状的关联。结果共回收有效问卷1301份,抑郁得分均分为16.83±8.63,抑郁症状阳性率为46.2%。不同年龄组、不同受教育程度、不同职业间抑郁得分与抑郁症状阳性率间比较,差异均有统计学意义。拥有个人业余爱好可有助于缓解抑郁症状(OR=0.63,95%CI=0.48～0.82)。高社会支持是抑郁症状的保护因子OR=0.38(95%CI=0.25～0.55);高内在投入和高付出回报失衡是抑郁症状的危险因子,OR分别为2.72(95%CI=1.76～4.21)和2.77(95%CI=1.09～7.05)。付出-回报失衡模式比工作要求-自主模式在预报抑郁症状具有更大的效能。结论付出回报失衡、高内在投入是抑郁症状的危险因素,而高社会支持与拥有业余爱好是保护因素。
Objective To identify the prevalence of depression symptoms among employees in Shanghai and to explore the association of job stress factors with depression symptoms.Methods Seven kinds of occupations were selected as subjects by convenient cluster sampling.Job stresses were assessed by core job stress scale and depression symptoms were measured by epidemiological survey depression scale（CES-D）.Logistic regression and hierarchical moderated multiple regression were used for analysis.Results There were 1301 participants completing the questionnaires.The CES-D score reached 16.83 ± 8.63 and depression symptoms were in 46.2% of participants.The CSE-D score and the rate of depression symptoms were varied in different age,education and occupational status.Personal hobbies were helpful to reduce depression symptoms（OR = 0.63,95% CI = 0.48 0.82）.High social supports and high rewards were protect factors for depression symptoms,and the ORs were 0.38（95% CI = 0.25-0.55） and 0.35（95% CI = 0.21-0.58） respectively.High over-commitment and effort-reward imbalance were risk factors for depression symptoms,and the ORs were 2.72（95% CI = 1.76-4.21） and 2.77（95% CI = 1.09-7.05） respectively.The effort-reward imbalance model is more powerful in predicting depression symptoms than the job demand-control model.Conclusion Effort-reward imbalance and high over-commitment are the risk factors for depression symptoms,more social supports and having hobbies are the protect factors for depression symptoms.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第3期342-346,共5页
Journal of Hygiene Research
基金
上海市医学发展基金项目(No.2006021)
关键词
职业紧张
抑郁倾向
社会支持
付出回报失衡
高内在投入
job stress
depression symptom
social support
effort-reward imbalance
high over-commitment
