摘要
长期以来,学术界对中印边界争端产生根源的研究基本集中于两点:历史学视角的帝国主义侵略遗产和国际政治视角的地缘政治功能。不过,历史学视角的研究不能完全解释同为"麦克马洪线"走向的中缅(甸)边界问题为何得以解决,地缘政治视角的研究无法解释中印边界争端在相同情境中所出现的不同结果:1987年两国边界的紧张局势得以迅速地控制及平息、中印两国在此后调整边界争端政策的动机和中印边界争端在当前的缓和现状。因此,作者尝试从边界的机制功能视角,来解释中印边界争端产生的根源及其在此后的发展变化,指出中印边界具有四个主要功能:即国家身份的建构与维护、军事-战略功能、国内政治功能以及种族/民族的团结与凝聚功能等,它们在不同时期具有不同的价值。1959～1962年,中印两国对上述边界功能的冲突性要求是中印边界争端产生和升级的主要因素之一。此后的几十年间,局势的发展使得边界的机制功能在某一或者某些方面得到淡化或者弱化,中印两国边界问题及两国关系也得到缓和与发展。
Recently,the research on Sino-Indian border dispute has fallen into two categories:historical description and geopolitical analysis,and both have their weaknesses.This paper tries to explain the causes and developments of Sino-Indian border dispute from a functional perspective.The author argues that the Sino-Indian border has four functions:state identification,military and strategic importance,domestic politics,and national unity,and each has its priority in different periods of time.During 1959-1962,both China and India wanted the conflict to function as the above;thus,the border dispute escalated into war.After the war,both the situation and the functions of Sino-Indian border changed.As the function of border disputes has weakened or declined in the sequence of priority,Sino-Indian border dispute relaxed.However,among the four,national identification remains the bottom-line of resolving the border dispute.
出处
《世界经济与政治》
CSSCI
北大核心
2009年第12期23-32,共10页
World Economics and Politics
