摘要
为了探讨体育锻炼与老年人孤独感和幸福感的关系,并进一步探索孤独感在体育锻炼影响老年人幸福感中的中介作用,使用体育锻炼等级量表、幸福感指数-总体情感指数量表、感情-社会孤独问卷以及自编人口统计学问卷,对采用分层随机抽样的方法选取的扬州市健身点150名55岁以上老年人进行问卷调查。结果发现:1)人口统计学变量的居住方式和工作类型对老年人的孤独感和幸福水平有显著的主效应;2)在控制相关人口统计学变量影响后,体育锻炼参与水平对孤独感和幸福感的效应显著,多重比较发现,随体育锻炼参与水平增加孤独感水平降低,幸福感水平增加;3)采用结构方程模型对中介作用假设模型进行验证分析发现,体育锻炼参与水平对幸福感直接作用不显著,而是通过降低孤独感间接提高老年人的幸福感;体育锻炼参与水平以孤独感为中介变量影响老年人幸福感的通径系数为-0.348。提示:体育锻炼对老年人孤独和幸福感有显著的改善作用,且孤独感在体育锻炼改善老年人幸福感过程中起完全中介作用。
To investigate the relationship between physical exercise and well-being of the elder people, explore the mediation effect of loneliness in the relationship between physical exercise and well-being of the elder people. Physical activity rate scale （PARS-3）, index of well-being and index of general affect, emotion versus social loneliness scales and the demographic ques- tiormaire were used to investigate 150 elder people aged above 55, which were randomly select- eel in Yangzhou city. The result showed that 1） Residential type and working nature had the significantly main effect on well-being and loneliness of the elder people. 2）Physical exercise had the significantly main effect on well-being and loneliness of the elder people, furthermore, with the level of physical exercise rising, the loneliness reduced, while the well-being increased. 3）The structural equation modeling analysis results supported that physical exercise had not the direct effect on well-being of the elder people, but indirectly, by reducing the lone- liness of the elder people to improve well-being, the path coefficient of the impact of physical exercise on well-being was -0.348. In conclusion, physical exercise has positive effect on lone- liness and well-being of the elder people; furthermore, loneliness plays a full mediating role in the relationship between physical exercise and well-being of the elder people.
出处
《中国体育科技》
CSSCI
北大核心
2010年第1期135-139,共5页
China Sport Science and Technology
基金
全国教育科学规划教育部重点课题(DLA060181)
关键词
老年人
体育锻炼
幸福感
孤独感
中介变量
elder people
physical exercise
well-being
loneliness
mediation variable
