摘要
目的研究血液透析患者乙、丙型肝炎感染状况及感染途径。方法对４９例维持性血液透析患者用套式逆转录聚合酶链反应方法（ＲＴＰＣＲ）检测了乙型肝炎病毒脱氧核糖核酸（ＨＢＶＤＮＡ）及丙型肝炎病毒核糖核酸（ＨＣＶＲＮＡ），用第二代酶联免疫吸附法（ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测丙型肝炎抗体、乙型肝炎标志物（ＨＢＶＭ）。结果透析患者乙型肝炎感染率５３．１％，丙型肝炎感染率６９．４％。输血组乙、丙型肝炎感染率大于未输血组；透析程２４个月以上者丙型肝炎感染率大于透析１２个月以内者（Ｐ＜００５）。ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ多元回归分析显示，透析年限的增加是丙型肝炎感染的主要因素，提示透析程的危险度大于输血危险度。２０份血站提供的血制品有３份ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性，２０份复用透析器经消毒处理后检测出２份ＨＣＶＲＮＡ阳性，９例工作人员ＨＣＶＲＮＡ及ＨＢＶＤＮＡ均阴性。结论加强透析室的管理及工作人员的防护，减少输血及透析器的复用，对减少透析中乙。
Objective To study the infections caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and find the infectious routes in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods HCV RNA and HBV DNA were tested in 49 patients by PT PCR. HBV serum markers (HBVM) and anti HCV antibodies of these patients were also tested by second generation ELISA. Results The incidence of HBV infection was 53.1% and that of HCV infection 69.4%.The incidence of HCV and HBV infection in a transfusion group was higher than that in a non transfusion group. Patients with long term period (>24 months) dialysis had a higher morbidity of HCV infection than those with short term (<12 months) dialysis ( P <0.05). logistic analysis showed that the length of dialysis period was a more crucial factor in HCV infection as compared with blood transfusion. Among the 20 blood samples supplied by Beijing blood bank, 3 were HCV RNA positive. Of the 20 reused dialyzers which had been disinfected, 2 were HCV RNA positive. 9 nurses of our dialysis unit were all HBV DNA and HCV RNA negative. Conclusion It is essential to strengthen the management and protection measures as well as decrease transfusion and reuses of dialyzers.
出处
《中华内科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1998年第11期758-761,共4页
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine
