摘要
当前,大学生结构性失业的现状表现为:一方面,大学生存在供大于求的现象,大学生供给超过了经济增长带来的对大学生的需求;另一方面,在经济体制改革和产业结构调整过程中,由于大学生自身素质和技能不能适应,出现大量岗位空缺,产生结构性失业,导致大学生失业率上升。造成当前大学生结构性失业现状的原因很多,其中,高等院校的专业设置和课程设置不合理、大学毕业生素质结构落后、应聘大学生人数增多、企业招聘条件抬高、大学生对就业的期望值过高、区域差距和城乡差异的存在等,是造成大学生结构性失业的主要原因。要解决这些问题,应重新审视高等教育扩招政策,调整培养层次和专业设置,注重构建合理的知识结构和能力,加强就业指导,畅通就业渠道和自主创业,积极组织实施大学生志愿服务西部计划等几个方面,并据此制定解决大学生结构性失业的基本对策。
This paper has mainly made an analysis of the situation of undergraduates＇ structural unemployment： on one hand, the supply of the undergraduates is bigger than the demand for them, and is beyond the demand brought by the economic growth; on the other hand, during the system reform of economy and industry restructuring, there is great job vacancy owing to undergrad- uates＇ own qualification and skills, which produces structural unemployment and leads to the rate rise of their unemployment. It has pointed out as well the main causes of structural unemployment： the major setting and the courses setting in higher education are not reasonable, the qualification structure of the undergraduates is backward, the number of undergraduate interviewees increases, the recruiting condition of the enterprises rises, the job expectation is too high, and there is regional gap and urban - rural difference, It has proposed the basic countermeasures to solve the problem of undergraduates＇ structural unemployment, by way of reexamining the enrollment expansion policy in higher education, adjusting the training levels and major setting, structuring proper knowledge structure and ability, enhancing employment instruction, keeping smooth the employment channels and self employment, actively organizing and conducting the program of undergraduates＇ volunteer service to the western region, and so on.
出处
《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
北大核心
2009年第6期112-116,共5页
Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
大学生
结构性失业
现状
原因
对策
university students
structural unemployment
situation
causes
countermeasures
