摘要
目的了解重症监护病房(ICU)感染患者病原菌分布和耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供理论依据。方法回顾性调查2007年7月-2008年6月从ICU患者中分离到的372株病原菌的种类及耐药性。结果372株病原菌中G-杆菌220株,占59.14%;G+球菌106株,占28.49%,真菌46株,占12.37%;G-杆菌以铜绿假单胞菌、克雷伯菌属、嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌、不动杆菌属为主;G+球菌以金黄色葡萄球菌、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、肠球菌属为主;各类细菌对常用抗菌药物表现为严重耐药和多药耐药;在G-杆菌中,铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌属对亚胺培南的耐药率约10.00%;而嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌耐药率为96.70%;3种G+球菌对万古霉素和替考拉宁完全敏感。结论应定期监测ICU病原菌分布和耐药情况,为临床合理使用抗菌药提供依据,从而达到控制感染、减少新的耐药菌株出现的目的。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug resistance in patients in intensive care unit （ICU） and provide theoretical bases for rational usage of antibiotics. METHODS The distribution and drug resistance of 372 strains isolated from patients in ICU collected from Jul 2007 to Jun 2008 were investigated and studied retrospectively. RESULTS Among them, the Gram-negative bacilli covered 59. 14 %, the Gram-positive cocci 28.49%,and the fungi covered 12.37%. Pseudomonasaeruginosa,Klebsiella,Stenotrophomonasmaltophilia and Ancinetobacter were the main Gram-negative bacilli. Staphylococcus aureus, coagulation-negative Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were the main Gram-positive cocci. The resistance rate of P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia and Acinetobacter to imipenem was over 10%, and the S. maltophilia was 96.7%, the resistance rate of three main Gram-positive cocci to vancomycin and teicoplanin was zero, and the isolated bacteria showed serious multidrug-resistance. CONCLUSIONS Periodic monitoring should be done to learn the drug resistance and bacterial distribution in ICU in order to rationally use antibiotics to avoid the generation of new drug resistant strains and control the infection of patients in ICU.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第22期3116-3118,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
重症监护病房
病原菌分布
耐药
Intensive care unit
Bacterial distribution
Drug resistance
