摘要
目的了解达州市流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）的流行特征。方法采用描述流行病学等方法,对全市流脑的流行强度、流行因素、三间分布、病原变化及其耐药情况、应急接种、流行前期流行期流行后期的带菌情况、人群免疫水平水平、临床表现等进行了对比分析。结果全市62年间发生流脑49 148例,死亡3 091例。年均发病率8.68/10万,死亡率0.05/10万。病死率6.29%。其中男30 219例,女18 929例。男女之比1.59∶1。平均潜伏期2～3 d。最短12小时,最长7 d。传播途径主要为空气传播和气溶胶传播。人群普遍易感。临床表现主要为发热、出血点、和脑膜刺激征。指示病例出现后进行应急接种可有效降低发病率。带菌率：流行前期22.73%。流行期为17.61%,流行后期为28.98%。结论流脑是威胁我市〈5岁儿童的主要传染病。预防接种能有效降低发病率。
Objective To study the epidemiological feature of 62 years in Dazhou city. Methods using descriptive epidemiologleal methods for epidemial intensity , epidemial factors, mart - time - area distribution, pathogen change, drugs - resistant spectrum, vaccination , the disease carrier rate of proepidemical, epidemical , after epidemica period , herd immuine level , clinic and so on is. Results cases 49148 , diyed cases 3091 in 62 years the year mean incidence rateS. 68/100000, mortality rate 0. 05/100000, fatality rate 6.29%. man 30219cases, female 18929 cases. The ratio of the both is 1.59 ： 1. incubation period the shortestl2 hour, thelongest7days, mean 2 - 3days. the majority cases is infected with airbore ＆ droplet transmission route, herd all susceptibility. Cnilical feature is hever temperature and emergency vaccination after dex cases may drip the incidence rate epidemicmeningeis, the disease carrier rate of proepidemical, epi- demical , after epidemica period 22. 73% , 17. 61% . 28.98%. Conclusion the Epidemiemeningeis is the mainly infectious in wich body hehhy is threatened 〈 15years children in Dazhou city.
出处
《医学动物防制》
2009年第10期724-728,731,共6页
Journal of Medical Pest Control
关键词
流行性脑脊髓膜炎
流行特征
分布
应急接种
人群易感性
Epidemicmeningsis
Epidemiological feature
Distribution
Pathogen emergency vaccination
Air - bore infection droplet infection herd susceptibility
