摘要
在渣油热反应体系中，凝聚态沥青质第二液相是焦的最直接物理化学前身物和提高渣油热转化过程经济性的关键因素。渣油的组成和物理／化学结构是影响渣油热反应体系中第二液相形成特性的最重要因素，但渣油的组成和结构特性对渣油热反应体系中三类第二液相形成的影响的性质和程度不同。渣油体系物理结构的固有稳定性越高，物理第二液相越不容易形成；渣油体系中原生沥青质和原生胶质的分子反应能力越低，化学物理第二液相和化学第二液相也都越不容易形成。据此，可以比较或估量不同组成和结构的渣油热反应体系的生焦倾向的大小。
In the thermal reaction systems of vacuum residua, the second liquid phases of the condensed asphaltenes are verified to be the direct precursors of coke, and thus are the key restraints for the economic thermal conversion of vacuum residua. Of the factors governing the formation characteristics of the second liquid phases in the thermal reaction systems of vacuum residua, the compositions and physical/chemical structures of vacuum residua represent the most important inherent ones, though the character and extent by which the compositions and structures of vacuum residua exert influences on the formation of the three different categories of the second liquid phases may not be alike. The higher the thermodynamic stabiligy of the physical structure of vacuum residua, the more difficult the inception of the physical second liquid phase, and the lower the molecular reactivity of the fast-reaction proto-asphaltenes and resins fractions, the harder the commencement of both the chemi-physical and the chemical second liquid phases. With these results, comparison or rough estimation can be made for the coking tendencies in the thermal reaction systems of vacuum residua with different compositions and structures.
出处
《石油化工高等学校学报》
EI
CAS
1998年第3期1-4,共4页
Journal of Petrochemical Universities
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
热裂化
第二液相
生焦
热反应过程
渣油
Heavy oils
Thermal cracking
The second liquid phase
Coke formation * To whom correspondence should be addressed.
